Prince Agwu is an academic at the University of Dundee, serves as a Guest Lecturer at the University of Oxford, and is a Senior Research Fellow at the Health Policy Research Group, University of Nigeria. He has a First Class in Social Work from the University of Nigeria, a Masters in Social Policy, and a PhD in Social Policy, funded by the Commonwealth Scholarship Commission. Prince's niche research areas are health systems, health policy, and migration, essentially focusing on governance models and wellbeing outcomes.

Agwu has published extensively in his field, with 70 publications (and counting) indexed in Scopus. Sci-Val ranks him among the top 300 scholars in Nigeria (with more than 170 Universities) and the top 50 at the University of Dundee. He is an Editor for Health Research Policy and Systems (HRPS), which is co-published by the World Health Organisation, the first African Section Editor for Social Work and Social Sciences Review (SWSSR), and an Editor for Health Economics, Policy and Law (HEPL).

Agwu takes an applied approach to research, ensuring the drive for policies, strategies, and programmes is informed by research evidence. For example, as the Principal Investigator of the Protect Urban School Children's Health (PUSH) Project funded by the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) through the CHORUS-Urban Health Consortium, Agwu is supporting the review of Nigeria's school-health policy and emerging with innovations that would bridge gaps between schools and the primary healthcare system.

As one of the earliest contributors to the study of health corruption in Nigeria, Agwu supported the founding of the Health Anticorruption Project Advisory Committee (HAPAC). He has been appointed as a member of the International Multi-Stakeholder Committee under Transparency International’s Project on Inclusive Service Delivery in Africa (ISDA), covering the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Madagascar, Rwanda, and Zimbabwe. ISDA focuses on improving access to education and health services for vulnerable groups by creating transparent and accountable systems. Other projects of Agwu, either as Principal Investigator (PI) or Co-PI, include subjects on health communication, human trafficking, and examination ethics.

One of Agwu's famous studies in the education sector in Nigeria is the 'Miracle Examination Centre' (MEC), where he worked with his team to expose rogue examination syndicates. Funded by the FCDO through the Anticorruption Evidence Consortium at SOAS, Agwu reinvented the reconnaissance approach in qualitative research, which he applied in uncovering illicit practices in examination conduct and to build relationships with stakeholders in the study areas. The reconnaissance approach was later consolidated by Agwu when he used it in identifying informal health providers in urban slums as well as their operations.

Agwu led the Human Trafficking Prevalence Study in Nigeria as Principal Investigator, with funding from the US Department of State Programme to End Modern Slavery. The study also sought to establish a Human Trafficking Evidence Laboratory for the National Agency for Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons, Nigeria (NAPTIP). Currently, Agwu is developing two anti-human trafficking studies in the areas of: (a) galvanising Nigeria's health sector for anti-human trafficking, and (b) building anticorruption into anti-human trafficking. 

In keeping with academic citizenship, Agwu reviews academic articles for journals such as the Lancet Global Health, International Social Work, International Journal of Public Health, British Journal of Social Work, BMJ Global Health, Health Services Insight, etc. Also, he serves as a research grant assessor for the Medical Research Foundation and the Wellcome Trust. Agwu is a Columnist for the Business AM News; a writer for the International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR), The Conversation, and several media platforms. 

He served as a member of the Advisory Board for the Evidence Laboratory based at NAPTIP and a part of the steering committee for the Human Trafficking Research Network (HTRN). Agwu leads communications for the African Health Observatory Platform (AHOP), Nigeria. Overall, his research goals are rooted in the ideals of social purpose, essentially maximising the potential of the African continent towards contributing to global prosperity and peace.