A reduced order model framework suitable for geotechnical problems

TY - JOUR

T1 - A reduced order model framework suitable for geotechnical problems

AU - Ouyang, Mao

AU - Augarde, Charles

AU - Coombs, William M.

AU - Petalas, Alexandros

AU - Knappett, Jonathan

AU - Brown, Michael

AU - Alagha, Ahmed

N1 - © The Author(s) 2026

PY - 2026/8/27

Y1 - 2026/8/27

N2 - Data-driven methods are of increasing popularity for solving problems in geotechnics, offering as they do, the possibility of high-fidelity results without the effort of a detailed deterministic numerical analysis (e.g. using finite elements). A wide range of approaches fall under the heading of Reduced Order Models (ROMs) which are created by processing data generated from high-fidelity models. The quality of these ROMs, and the computational cost of their construction, themselves depend heavily on the architecture chosen. In this study, we introduce a set of efficient frameworks for data-driven ROMs that can be applied to geotechnics problems in general. Our approach employs autoencoders and/or principal component analysis to reduce data dimensionality and to extract latent representations, followed by a Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) to learn nonlinear behaviour within this latent space. The architectures are demonstrated on the problem of the prediction of spatio-temporal responses in soil consolidation, and we demonstrate that the proposed efficient ROM architectures accurately predict responses for a range of problem specifications. The proposed framework provides a versatile methodology for large-scale complex geotechnical modelling applications.

AB - Data-driven methods are of increasing popularity for solving problems in geotechnics, offering as they do, the possibility of high-fidelity results without the effort of a detailed deterministic numerical analysis (e.g. using finite elements). A wide range of approaches fall under the heading of Reduced Order Models (ROMs) which are created by processing data generated from high-fidelity models. The quality of these ROMs, and the computational cost of their construction, themselves depend heavily on the architecture chosen. In this study, we introduce a set of efficient frameworks for data-driven ROMs that can be applied to geotechnics problems in general. Our approach employs autoencoders and/or principal component analysis to reduce data dimensionality and to extract latent representations, followed by a Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) to learn nonlinear behaviour within this latent space. The architectures are demonstrated on the problem of the prediction of spatio-temporal responses in soil consolidation, and we demonstrate that the proposed efficient ROM architectures accurately predict responses for a range of problem specifications. The proposed framework provides a versatile methodology for large-scale complex geotechnical modelling applications.

KW - Retaining walls

KW - Reduced order models

KW - ROMs

KW - Deep Operator Network

KW - DeepONet

KW - Consolidation

KW - · Finite element analysis

U2 - 10.1007/s11440-026-03221-0

DO - 10.1007/s11440-026-03221-0

M3 - Article

SN - 1861-1125

JO - Acta Geotechnica

JF - Acta Geotechnica

ER -