Abstract
Aging of piezoelectric properties was investigated in lead-free (1 − x)(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-xBaTiO3 doped with 1at. % Fe. The relaxor character of the un-poled material prevents macroscopic aging effects, while in the field-induced ferroelectric phase aging phenomena are similar to those found in lead zirconate titanate or barium titanate. Most prominent aging effects are the development of an internal bias field and the decrease of switchable polarization. These effects are temperature activated, and can be explained in the framework of defect complex reorientation. This picture is further supported by electron paramagnetic resonance spectra indicating the existence of (FeTi ′−VO ••)• defect complexes in the Fe-doped material
Original language | English |
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Article number | 104102 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Journal of Applied Physics |
Volume | 116 |
Issue number | 10 |
Early online date | 9 Sep 2014 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 14 Sep 2014 |