@article{2383d65db4274eafa66523e933d495a5,
title = "BCR signaling contributes to autophagy regulation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia",
keywords = "B cells, Cell signalling, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia",
author = "Smith, {Lindsay D.} and Minton, {Annabel R.} and Blunt, {Matthew D.} and Karydis, {Laura I.} and Dutton, {David A.} and Rogers-Broadway, {Karly Rai} and Rachel Dobson and Rena Liu and Faith Norster and Elizabeth Hogg and Margaret Ashton-Key and Strefford, {Jonathan C.} and Li Jia and Efremov, {Dimitar G.} and Helgason, {G. Vignir} and Johnson, {Peter W. M.} and Stevenson, {Freda K.} and Francesco Forconi and Cragg, {Mark S.} and Tumbarello, {David A.} and Graham Packham and Steele, {Andrew J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Fig. 2 BCR-mediated autophagy is dependent on BCR signaling and provides a survival advantage to CLL cells. a CLL samples (n = 11) were treated with bead-bound isotype control antibody (IC) or anti-IgM with or without HCQ at indicated concentrations for 24 h and LC3B-II levels evaluated by immunoblotting. A representative immunoblot is shown. Blots were quantified and the mean fold change (±SEM) in LC3B-II level with each treatment vs. IC without HCQ is shown in the accompanying graph. A t-test was used for statistical analysis. b CLL samples (n = 6) were treated with or without IL-4 (10 ng/ml), in the presence or absence of HCQ, for 24 h before treatment with bead-bound IC or anti-IgM for 24 h. LC3B-II levels were evaluated by immunoblotting and the mean fold change (±SEM) in LC3B-II levels with each treatment vs. IC without HCQ is shown. A Wilcoxon{\textquoteright}s matched-pairs signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis. c CLL samples (n = 10) were treated with HCQ and a SYK (tamatinib; Tam) or BTK (ibrutinib; Ibr) inhibitor (both 5 μM) for 1 h before stimulation with bead-bound IC or anti-IgM for 24 h and the LC3B-II level evaluated by immunoblotting. Hsc70 was used as a Acknowledgements We thank Bloodwise (12044, 14040, 16003), CRUK (C2750/A23669), the patients for supplying tissue, the support from CRUK center grant (C34999/A18087), and ECMC grant (C24563/A15581). We thank Dr Ian Tracy and Dr Kathy Potter, Mrs Isla Henderson, and Ms Carina Mundy for sample characterization and storage. We thank Dr Sonya James and the University of Southampton Biomedical Imaging Unit. We thank Professor Sharon Tooze for reading the manuscript and providing scientific guidance. Finally, we acknowledge Professor Tessa Holyoake who was a collaborator on this study but who passed away before project completion.",
year = "2020",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1038/s41375-019-0557-y",
language = "English",
volume = "34",
pages = "640--644",
journal = "Leukemia",
issn = "0887-6924",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "2",
}
