TY - JOUR
T1 - Benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride shifts the proliferation of functional genes and microbial community in natural water from eutrophic lake
AU - Yang, Yuyi
AU - Wang, Weibo
N1 - his project was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 31400113], and Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences [grant number 2015282].
PY - 2018/5/1
Y1 - 2018/5/1
N2 - Benzylalkyldimethylethyl ammonium compounds are pervasive in natural environments and toxic at high concentrations. The changes in functional genes and microbial diversity in eutrophic lake samples exposed to benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (BAC) were assessed. BAC exerted negative effects on bacteria abundance, particularly at concentrations of 100 μg L−1 and higher. A significant increase in the number of the quaternary ammonium compound-resistant gene qacA/B was recorded within the 10 μg L−1 treatment after the first day of exposure. Not all antibiotic resistance genes increased in abundance as the concentrations of BAC increased; rather, gene abundances were dependent on the gene type, concentrations of BAC, and contact time. The nitrogen fixation-related gene nifH and ammonia monooxygenase gene amoA were inhibited by high concentrations of BAC after the first day, whereas an increase of the nitrite reductase gene nirK was stimulated by exposure. Microbial communities within higher treatment levels (1000 and 10 000 μg L−1) exhibited significantly different community composition compared to other treatment levels and the control. Selective enrichment of Rheinheimera, Pseudomonas, and Vogesella were found in the higher treatment levels, suggesting that these bacteria have some resistance or degradation capacity to BAC. Genes related with RNA processing and modification, transcription, lipid transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, and cell motility of microbial community function were involved in the process exposed to the BAC stress. Shift pattern in the proliferation of functional genes and microbial community in natural water from eutrophic lake exposed to BAC was assessed.
AB - Benzylalkyldimethylethyl ammonium compounds are pervasive in natural environments and toxic at high concentrations. The changes in functional genes and microbial diversity in eutrophic lake samples exposed to benzyldimethyldodecyl ammonium chloride (BAC) were assessed. BAC exerted negative effects on bacteria abundance, particularly at concentrations of 100 μg L−1 and higher. A significant increase in the number of the quaternary ammonium compound-resistant gene qacA/B was recorded within the 10 μg L−1 treatment after the first day of exposure. Not all antibiotic resistance genes increased in abundance as the concentrations of BAC increased; rather, gene abundances were dependent on the gene type, concentrations of BAC, and contact time. The nitrogen fixation-related gene nifH and ammonia monooxygenase gene amoA were inhibited by high concentrations of BAC after the first day, whereas an increase of the nitrite reductase gene nirK was stimulated by exposure. Microbial communities within higher treatment levels (1000 and 10 000 μg L−1) exhibited significantly different community composition compared to other treatment levels and the control. Selective enrichment of Rheinheimera, Pseudomonas, and Vogesella were found in the higher treatment levels, suggesting that these bacteria have some resistance or degradation capacity to BAC. Genes related with RNA processing and modification, transcription, lipid transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, and cell motility of microbial community function were involved in the process exposed to the BAC stress. Shift pattern in the proliferation of functional genes and microbial community in natural water from eutrophic lake exposed to BAC was assessed.
KW - Cyanobacteria
KW - microbial diversity
KW - nirK
KW - qacEΔ1
KW - Rheinheimera
KW - Genes, Bacterial
KW - Benzalkonium Compounds/toxicity
KW - Eutrophication
KW - Lakes/microbiology
KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
KW - Microbial Consortia/drug effects
KW - Pseudomonas/genetics
KW - Metagenome/drug effects
KW - Oxidoreductases/genetics
U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.059
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.059
M3 - Article
C2 - 29414358
AN - SCOPUS:85041691626
VL - 236
SP - 355
EP - 365
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
SN - 0269-7491
ER -