Birth prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and the effects of parental consanguinity

Heba J. Sabbagh; Nicola P. Innes; Bahauddin I. Sallout; Najlaa M. Alamoudi; Mustafa A. Hamdan; Nasir Alhamlan; Amaal I. Al-Khozami; Fatma D. Abdulhameed; Jumana Y. Al-Aama; Peter A. Mossey

doi:10.15537/smj.2015.9.11823

Birth prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and the effects of parental consanguinity

Heba J. Sabbagh, Nicola P. Innes, Bahauddin I. Sallout, Najlaa M. Alamoudi (Lead / Corresponding author), Mustafa A. Hamdan, Nasir Alhamlan, Amaal I. Al-Khozami, Fatma D. Abdulhameed, Jumana Y. Al-Aama, Peter A. Mossey

Dentistry

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Abstract

Objectives: To describe the characteristics and prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefting (NSOFC) and assess the effects of parental consanguinity on NSOFC phenotypes in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: All infants (114,035) born at 3 referral centers in Riyadh, and 6 hospitals in Jeddah and Madinah between January 2010 and December 2011 were screened. The NSOFC cases (n=133) were identified and data was collected through clinical examination and records, and information on consanguinity through parent interviews. The diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing medical records and contacting the infants’ pediatricians. Control infants (n=233) matched for gender and born in the same hospitals during the same period, were selected.

Results: The prevalence of NSOFC was 1.07/1000 births in Riyadh, and 1.17/1000 births overall; cleft lip (CL) was 0.47/1000 births, cleft lip and palate (CLP) was 0.42/1000 births, and cleft palate (CP) was 0.28/1000 births. Cleft palate was significantly associated with consanguinity (p=0.047, odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1 to 6.46), particularly for first cousin marriages.

Conclusion: The birth prevalence of NSOFC in Riyadh alone, and in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia were marginally lower than the mean global prevalence. While birth prevalence for CLP was comparable to global figures, the CL:CLP ratio was high, and only CP was significantly associated with consanguinity.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1076-1083
Number of pages	8
Journal	Saudi Medical Journal
Volume	36
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2015.9.11823
Publication status	Published - Sept 2015

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

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Cite this

@article{030a699b05364cdbbfd3bb65f84f13a0,

title = "Birth prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and the effects of parental consanguinity",

abstract = "Objectives: To describe the characteristics and prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefting (NSOFC) and assess the effects of parental consanguinity on NSOFC phenotypes in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia.Methods: All infants (114,035) born at 3 referral centers in Riyadh, and 6 hospitals in Jeddah and Madinah between January 2010 and December 2011 were screened. The NSOFC cases (n=133) were identified and data was collected through clinical examination and records, and information on consanguinity through parent interviews. The diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing medical records and contacting the infants{\textquoteright} pediatricians. Control infants (n=233) matched for gender and born in the same hospitals during the same period, were selected.Results: The prevalence of NSOFC was 1.07/1000 births in Riyadh, and 1.17/1000 births overall; cleft lip (CL) was 0.47/1000 births, cleft lip and palate (CLP) was 0.42/1000 births, and cleft palate (CP) was 0.28/1000 births. Cleft palate was significantly associated with consanguinity (p=0.047, odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1 to 6.46), particularly for first cousin marriages.Conclusion: The birth prevalence of NSOFC in Riyadh alone, and in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia were marginally lower than the mean global prevalence. While birth prevalence for CLP was comparable to global figures, the CL:CLP ratio was high, and only CP was significantly associated with consanguinity.",

author = "Sabbagh, {Heba J.} and Innes, {Nicola P.} and Sallout, {Bahauddin I.} and Alamoudi, {Najlaa M.} and Hamdan, {Mustafa A.} and Nasir Alhamlan and Al-Khozami, {Amaal I.} and Abdulhameed, {Fatma D.} and Al-Aama, {Jumana Y.} and Mossey, {Peter A.}",

note = "The authors would like to thank the research committees of the Ministry of Health in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Madinah, the research committees of King Saud Medical City, Riyadh National Guard Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, King Fahad Armed Hospital, and King Abdulaziz Medical City, and Dr. Hussein Al-Amari at King Fahad Hospital; Zamzam E. Al-Hakami and Nouf Al-Beshri at Al-Messadia Maternity Hospital; Dr. Safinaz Salamah and Ebtisam Hussain at Al-Azizia Maternity Hospital; Mervat Ali Sayed and all the nurses at King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Dr. Mosleh S. Alharbi, Non-syndromic orofacial cleft in Saudi Arabia … Sabbagh et al Saudi Med J 2015; Vol. 36 (9) www.smj.org.sa Dania Baeasa, and Dr. Mamoon Daghestani at King Abdulaziz Medical City; and Dr. Manal Al-Malik, Dr. Fawzia Sabbagh, Dr. Mawahib Abuauf, and Mariam Malope at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital; and Dr. Wamda Helal, Dr. Ahmed Mustafa Hamdan, and Dr. Bassem Mohamad Gesrha at King Saud Medical City.",

year = "2015",

month = sep,

doi = "10.15537/smj.2015.9.11823",

language = "English",

volume = "36",

pages = "1076--1083",

journal = "Saudi Medical Journal",

issn = "0379-5284",

publisher = "Saudi Arabian Armed Forces Hospital",

number = "9",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Birth prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and the effects of parental consanguinity

AU - Sabbagh, Heba J.

AU - Innes, Nicola P.

AU - Sallout, Bahauddin I.

AU - Alamoudi, Najlaa M.

AU - Hamdan, Mustafa A.

AU - Alhamlan, Nasir

AU - Al-Khozami, Amaal I.

AU - Abdulhameed, Fatma D.

AU - Al-Aama, Jumana Y.

AU - Mossey, Peter A.

N1 - The authors would like to thank the research committees of the Ministry of Health in Riyadh, Jeddah, and Madinah, the research committees of King Saud Medical City, Riyadh National Guard Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, King Fahad Armed Hospital, and King Abdulaziz Medical City, and Dr. Hussein Al-Amari at King Fahad Hospital; Zamzam E. Al-Hakami and Nouf Al-Beshri at Al-Messadia Maternity Hospital; Dr. Safinaz Salamah and Ebtisam Hussain at Al-Azizia Maternity Hospital; Mervat Ali Sayed and all the nurses at King Abdulaziz University Hospital; Dr. Mosleh S. Alharbi, Non-syndromic orofacial cleft in Saudi Arabia … Sabbagh et al Saudi Med J 2015; Vol. 36 (9) www.smj.org.sa Dania Baeasa, and Dr. Mamoon Daghestani at King Abdulaziz Medical City; and Dr. Manal Al-Malik, Dr. Fawzia Sabbagh, Dr. Mawahib Abuauf, and Mariam Malope at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital; and Dr. Wamda Helal, Dr. Ahmed Mustafa Hamdan, and Dr. Bassem Mohamad Gesrha at King Saud Medical City.

PY - 2015/9

Y1 - 2015/9

N2 - Objectives: To describe the characteristics and prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefting (NSOFC) and assess the effects of parental consanguinity on NSOFC phenotypes in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia.Methods: All infants (114,035) born at 3 referral centers in Riyadh, and 6 hospitals in Jeddah and Madinah between January 2010 and December 2011 were screened. The NSOFC cases (n=133) were identified and data was collected through clinical examination and records, and information on consanguinity through parent interviews. The diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing medical records and contacting the infants’ pediatricians. Control infants (n=233) matched for gender and born in the same hospitals during the same period, were selected.Results: The prevalence of NSOFC was 1.07/1000 births in Riyadh, and 1.17/1000 births overall; cleft lip (CL) was 0.47/1000 births, cleft lip and palate (CLP) was 0.42/1000 births, and cleft palate (CP) was 0.28/1000 births. Cleft palate was significantly associated with consanguinity (p=0.047, odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1 to 6.46), particularly for first cousin marriages.Conclusion: The birth prevalence of NSOFC in Riyadh alone, and in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia were marginally lower than the mean global prevalence. While birth prevalence for CLP was comparable to global figures, the CL:CLP ratio was high, and only CP was significantly associated with consanguinity.

AB - Objectives: To describe the characteristics and prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefting (NSOFC) and assess the effects of parental consanguinity on NSOFC phenotypes in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia.Methods: All infants (114,035) born at 3 referral centers in Riyadh, and 6 hospitals in Jeddah and Madinah between January 2010 and December 2011 were screened. The NSOFC cases (n=133) were identified and data was collected through clinical examination and records, and information on consanguinity through parent interviews. The diagnosis was confirmed by reviewing medical records and contacting the infants’ pediatricians. Control infants (n=233) matched for gender and born in the same hospitals during the same period, were selected.Results: The prevalence of NSOFC was 1.07/1000 births in Riyadh, and 1.17/1000 births overall; cleft lip (CL) was 0.47/1000 births, cleft lip and palate (CLP) was 0.42/1000 births, and cleft palate (CP) was 0.28/1000 births. Cleft palate was significantly associated with consanguinity (p=0.047, odds ratio: 2.5, 95% confidence interval: 1 to 6.46), particularly for first cousin marriages.Conclusion: The birth prevalence of NSOFC in Riyadh alone, and in the 3 main cities of Saudi Arabia were marginally lower than the mean global prevalence. While birth prevalence for CLP was comparable to global figures, the CL:CLP ratio was high, and only CP was significantly associated with consanguinity.

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U2 - 10.15537/smj.2015.9.11823

DO - 10.15537/smj.2015.9.11823

M3 - Article

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SN - 0379-5284

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JO - Saudi Medical Journal

JF - Saudi Medical Journal

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ER -

Birth prevalence of non-syndromic orofacial clefts in Saudi Arabia and the effects of parental consanguinity

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