Clinical characteristics and suicidal ideation as predictors of suicide: prospective study of 1000 referrals to general adult psychiatry

David Hayward (Lead / Corresponding author), Blair Johnston, Donald J. MacIntyre, Douglas Steele

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Abstract

Aims and method Questions often follow the suicide of someone who presented to general adult psychiatry (GAP) when expressing suicidal thoughts: ‘Why were they not admitted, or managed differently, when they said they were suicidal?’ Answering these questions requires knowledge of the prevalence of suicidal ideation in patients presenting to GAP. Therefore, we determined the general clinical characteristics, including suicidal ideation, of a large sample of patients presenting to a GAP emergency assessment service or referred as non-emergencies to a GAP service.

Results Suicidal ideation was very common, being present in 76.4% of emergency presentations and 33.4% of non-emergency referrals. It was very weakly associated with suicide, varied between different diagnostic categories, and previous assessment by GAP did not appear to affect it. The suicide rate during the contingent episode of care was estimated as 66 per 100000 episodes.

Clinical implications This, and other evidence, shows that suicide cannot be predicted with an accuracy that is useful for clinical decision-making. This is not widely appreciated but has serious consequences for patients and healthcare resources.
Original languageEnglish
Number of pages6
JournalBJPsych Bulletin
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 11 Oct 2024

Keywords

  • Suicide
  • Mortality
  • Risk assessment
  • Suicidal Ideation
  • General adult psychiatry

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