Controlling Malaria Spread with Insecticide-treated Nets: Reactions Trailing Usage and Mortality Consequences in Anambra State, Nigeria

Reports reveal that under-5 mortality rates in Nigeria are very high, with malaria being the leading contributor to this. Yet, insecticide treated net (ITN) seems poorly used as a preventive measure. This study investigates the relationship between malaria disease, compliance with using ITNs and under-5 mortality rate in Anambra State, Nigeria. Focus group discussions involving 24 health workers and 48 community dwellers were used in sourcing data. Data analysis was done on recognised themes using NVivo9 software. Theory of planned behaviour guided the study, as it seeks to explain the connection between culturally induced norms and health-seeking behaviours. The study revealed that malaria disease contributes heavily to under-5 mortality in the study area. However, its prevention is marred by certain cultural perceptions towards the disease and preventive measures, as well as by health system inefficiencies. It suggests that more medical and helping professionals, especially social workers, should engage in help improving the situation.