CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability

Ann Marie Cody; John Stauffer; Annie Baglin; Giuseppina Micela; Luisa M. Rebull; Ettore Flaccomio; María Morales-Calderón; Suzanne Aigrain; Jèrôme Bouvier; Lynne A. Hillenbrand; Robert Gutermuth; Inseok Song; Neal Turner; Silvia H. P. Alencar; Konstanze Zwintz; Peter Plavchan; John Carpenter; Krzysztof Findeisen; Sean Carey; Susan Terebey; Lee Hartmann; Nuria Calvet; Paula Teixeira; Frederick J. Vrba; Scott Wolk; Kevin Covey; Katja Poppenhaeger; Hans Moritz Günther; Jan Forbrich; Barbara Whitney; Laura Affer; William Herbst; Joseph Hora; David Barrado; Jon Holtzman; Franck Marchis; Kenneth Wood; Marcelo Medeiros Guimarães; Jorge Lillo Box; Ed Gillen; Amy McQuillan; Catherine Espaillat; Lori Allen; Paola D'Alessio; Fabio Favata

doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability

Ann Marie Cody
, John Stauffer
, Annie Baglin
, Giuseppina Micela
, Luisa M. Rebull
, Ettore Flaccomio
, María Morales-Calderón
, Suzanne Aigrain
, Jèrôme Bouvier
, Lynne A. Hillenbrand
, Robert Gutermuth
, Inseok Song
, Neal Turner
, Silvia H. P. Alencar
, Konstanze Zwintz
, Peter Plavchan
, John Carpenter
, Krzysztof Findeisen
, Sean Carey
, Susan Terebey

Lee Hartmann, Nuria Calvet, Paula Teixeira, Frederick J. Vrba, Scott Wolk, Kevin Covey, Katja Poppenhaeger, Hans Moritz Günther, Jan Forbrich, Barbara Whitney, Laura Affer, William Herbst, Joseph Hora, David Barrado, Jon Holtzman, Franck Marchis, Kenneth Wood, Marcelo Medeiros Guimarães, Jorge Lillo Box, Ed Gillen, Amy McQuillan, Catherine Espaillat, Lori Allen, Paola D'Alessio, Fabio Favata

Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

341 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present the Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264, a continuous 30 day multi-wavelength photometric monitoring campaign on more than 1000 young cluster members using 16 telescopes. The unprecedented combination of multi-wavelength, high-precision, high-cadence, and long-duration data opens a new window into the time domain behavior of young stellar objects. Here we provide an overview of the observations, focusing on results from Spitzer and CoRoT. The highlight of this work is detailed analysis of 162 classical T Tauri stars for which we can probe optical and mid-infrared flux variations to 1% amplitudes and sub-hour timescales. We present a morphological variability census and then use metrics of periodicity, stochasticity, and symmetry to statistically separate the light curves into seven distinct classes, which we suggest represent different physical processes and geometric effects. We provide distributions of the characteristic timescales and amplitudes and assess the fractional representation within each class. The largest category (〉20%) are optical "dippers" with discrete fading events lasting ~1-5 days. The degree of correlation between the optical and infrared light curves is positive but weak; notably, the independently assigned optical and infrared morphology classes tend to be different for the same object. Assessment of flux variation behavior with respect to (circum)stellar properties reveals correlations of variability parameters with Hα emission and with effective temperature. Overall, our results point to multiple origins of young star variability, including circumstellar obscuration events, hot spots on the star and/or disk, accretion bursts, and rapid structural changes in the inner disk.Based on data from the Spitzer and CoRoT missions. The CoRoT space mission was developed and is operated by the French space agency CNES, with participation of ESA's RSSD and Science Programmes, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Germany, and Spain.

Original language	English
Number of pages	47
Journal	The Astronomical Journal
Volume	147
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82
Publication status	Published - 13 Mar 2014

Keywords

accretion
accretion disks
circumstellar matter
protoplanetary disc
Stars: pre-main sequence
stars: variables

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10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

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Cody, A. M., Stauffer, J., Baglin, A., Micela, G., Rebull, L. M., Flaccomio, E., Morales-Calderón, M., Aigrain, S., Bouvier, J., Hillenbrand, L. A., Gutermuth, R., Song, I., Turner, N., Alencar, S. H. P., Zwintz, K., Plavchan, P., Carpenter, J., Findeisen, K., Carey, S., ... Favata, F. (2014). CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability. The Astronomical Journal, 147(4). https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

@article{678f9a1e1a8742799514a9684d52217d,

title = "CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability",

abstract = "We present the Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264, a continuous 30 day multi-wavelength photometric monitoring campaign on more than 1000 young cluster members using 16 telescopes. The unprecedented combination of multi-wavelength, high-precision, high-cadence, and long-duration data opens a new window into the time domain behavior of young stellar objects. Here we provide an overview of the observations, focusing on results from Spitzer and CoRoT. The highlight of this work is detailed analysis of 162 classical T Tauri stars for which we can probe optical and mid-infrared flux variations to 1\% amplitudes and sub-hour timescales. We present a morphological variability census and then use metrics of periodicity, stochasticity, and symmetry to statistically separate the light curves into seven distinct classes, which we suggest represent different physical processes and geometric effects. We provide distributions of the characteristic timescales and amplitudes and assess the fractional representation within each class. The largest category (〉20\%) are optical {"}dippers{"} with discrete fading events lasting \textasciitilde{}1-5 days. The degree of correlation between the optical and infrared light curves is positive but weak; notably, the independently assigned optical and infrared morphology classes tend to be different for the same object. Assessment of flux variation behavior with respect to (circum)stellar properties reveals correlations of variability parameters with Hα emission and with effective temperature. Overall, our results point to multiple origins of young star variability, including circumstellar obscuration events, hot spots on the star and/or disk, accretion bursts, and rapid structural changes in the inner disk.Based on data from the Spitzer and CoRoT missions. The CoRoT space mission was developed and is operated by the French space agency CNES, with participation of ESA's RSSD and Science Programmes, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Germany, and Spain.",

keywords = "accretion, accretion disks, circumstellar matter, protoplanetary disc, Stars: pre-main sequence, stars: variables",

author = "Cody, \{Ann Marie\} and John Stauffer and Annie Baglin and Giuseppina Micela and Rebull, \{Luisa M.\} and Ettore Flaccomio and Mar{\'i}a Morales-Calder{\'o}n and Suzanne Aigrain and J{\`e}r{\^o}me Bouvier and Hillenbrand, \{Lynne A.\} and Robert Gutermuth and Inseok Song and Neal Turner and Alencar, \{Silvia H. P.\} and Konstanze Zwintz and Peter Plavchan and John Carpenter and Krzysztof Findeisen and Sean Carey and Susan Terebey and Lee Hartmann and Nuria Calvet and Paula Teixeira and Vrba, \{Frederick J.\} and Scott Wolk and Kevin Covey and Katja Poppenhaeger and G{\"u}nther, \{Hans Moritz\} and Jan Forbrich and Barbara Whitney and Laura Affer and William Herbst and Joseph Hora and David Barrado and Jon Holtzman and Franck Marchis and Kenneth Wood and \{Medeiros Guimar{\~a}es\}, Marcelo and \{Lillo Box\}, Jorge and Ed Gillen and Amy McQuillan and Catherine Espaillat and Lori Allen and Paola D'Alessio and Fabio Favata",

year = "2014",

month = mar,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82",

language = "English",

volume = "147",

journal = "The Astronomical Journal",

issn = "1538-3881",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "4",

}

Cody, AM, Stauffer, J, Baglin, A, Micela, G, Rebull, LM, Flaccomio, E, Morales-Calderón, M, Aigrain, S, Bouvier, J, Hillenbrand, LA, Gutermuth, R, Song, I, Turner, N, Alencar, SHP, Zwintz, K, Plavchan, P, Carpenter, J, Findeisen, K, Carey, S, Terebey, S, Hartmann, L, Calvet, N, Teixeira, P, Vrba, FJ, Wolk, S, Covey, K, Poppenhaeger, K, Günther, HM, Forbrich, J, Whitney, B, Affer, L, Herbst, W, Hora, J, Barrado, D, Holtzman, J, Marchis, F, Wood, K, Medeiros Guimarães, M, Lillo Box, J, Gillen, E, McQuillan, A, Espaillat, C, Allen, L, D'Alessio, P & Favata, F 2014, 'CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability', The Astronomical Journal, vol. 147, no. 4. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

TY - JOUR

T1 - CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability

AU - Cody, Ann Marie

AU - Stauffer, John

AU - Baglin, Annie

AU - Micela, Giuseppina

AU - Rebull, Luisa M.

AU - Flaccomio, Ettore

AU - Morales-Calderón, María

AU - Aigrain, Suzanne

AU - Bouvier, Jèrôme

AU - Hillenbrand, Lynne A.

AU - Gutermuth, Robert

AU - Song, Inseok

AU - Turner, Neal

AU - Alencar, Silvia H. P.

AU - Zwintz, Konstanze

AU - Plavchan, Peter

AU - Carpenter, John

AU - Findeisen, Krzysztof

AU - Carey, Sean

AU - Terebey, Susan

AU - Hartmann, Lee

AU - Calvet, Nuria

AU - Teixeira, Paula

AU - Vrba, Frederick J.

AU - Wolk, Scott

AU - Covey, Kevin

AU - Poppenhaeger, Katja

AU - Günther, Hans Moritz

AU - Forbrich, Jan

AU - Whitney, Barbara

AU - Affer, Laura

AU - Herbst, William

AU - Hora, Joseph

AU - Barrado, David

AU - Holtzman, Jon

AU - Marchis, Franck

AU - Wood, Kenneth

AU - Medeiros Guimarães, Marcelo

AU - Lillo Box, Jorge

AU - Gillen, Ed

AU - McQuillan, Amy

AU - Espaillat, Catherine

AU - Allen, Lori

AU - D'Alessio, Paola

AU - Favata, Fabio

PY - 2014/3/13

Y1 - 2014/3/13

N2 - We present the Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264, a continuous 30 day multi-wavelength photometric monitoring campaign on more than 1000 young cluster members using 16 telescopes. The unprecedented combination of multi-wavelength, high-precision, high-cadence, and long-duration data opens a new window into the time domain behavior of young stellar objects. Here we provide an overview of the observations, focusing on results from Spitzer and CoRoT. The highlight of this work is detailed analysis of 162 classical T Tauri stars for which we can probe optical and mid-infrared flux variations to 1% amplitudes and sub-hour timescales. We present a morphological variability census and then use metrics of periodicity, stochasticity, and symmetry to statistically separate the light curves into seven distinct classes, which we suggest represent different physical processes and geometric effects. We provide distributions of the characteristic timescales and amplitudes and assess the fractional representation within each class. The largest category (〉20%) are optical "dippers" with discrete fading events lasting ~1-5 days. The degree of correlation between the optical and infrared light curves is positive but weak; notably, the independently assigned optical and infrared morphology classes tend to be different for the same object. Assessment of flux variation behavior with respect to (circum)stellar properties reveals correlations of variability parameters with Hα emission and with effective temperature. Overall, our results point to multiple origins of young star variability, including circumstellar obscuration events, hot spots on the star and/or disk, accretion bursts, and rapid structural changes in the inner disk.Based on data from the Spitzer and CoRoT missions. The CoRoT space mission was developed and is operated by the French space agency CNES, with participation of ESA's RSSD and Science Programmes, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Germany, and Spain.

AB - We present the Coordinated Synoptic Investigation of NGC 2264, a continuous 30 day multi-wavelength photometric monitoring campaign on more than 1000 young cluster members using 16 telescopes. The unprecedented combination of multi-wavelength, high-precision, high-cadence, and long-duration data opens a new window into the time domain behavior of young stellar objects. Here we provide an overview of the observations, focusing on results from Spitzer and CoRoT. The highlight of this work is detailed analysis of 162 classical T Tauri stars for which we can probe optical and mid-infrared flux variations to 1% amplitudes and sub-hour timescales. We present a morphological variability census and then use metrics of periodicity, stochasticity, and symmetry to statistically separate the light curves into seven distinct classes, which we suggest represent different physical processes and geometric effects. We provide distributions of the characteristic timescales and amplitudes and assess the fractional representation within each class. The largest category (〉20%) are optical "dippers" with discrete fading events lasting ~1-5 days. The degree of correlation between the optical and infrared light curves is positive but weak; notably, the independently assigned optical and infrared morphology classes tend to be different for the same object. Assessment of flux variation behavior with respect to (circum)stellar properties reveals correlations of variability parameters with Hα emission and with effective temperature. Overall, our results point to multiple origins of young star variability, including circumstellar obscuration events, hot spots on the star and/or disk, accretion bursts, and rapid structural changes in the inner disk.Based on data from the Spitzer and CoRoT missions. The CoRoT space mission was developed and is operated by the French space agency CNES, with participation of ESA's RSSD and Science Programmes, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Germany, and Spain.

KW - accretion

KW - accretion disks

KW - circumstellar matter

KW - protoplanetary disc

KW - Stars: pre-main sequence

KW - stars: variables

UR - https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2014AJ....147...82C

U2 - 10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

DO - 10.1088/0004-6256/147/4/82

M3 - Article

SN - 1538-3881

VL - 147

JO - The Astronomical Journal

JF - The Astronomical Journal

IS - 4

ER -

CSI 2264: Simultaneous Optical and Infrared Light Curves of Young Disk-bearing Stars in NGC 2264 with CoRoT and Spitzer—Evidence for Multiple Origins of Variability

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Keywords

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