TY - JOUR
T1 - Defining measures of kidney function in observational studies using routine healthcare data
T2 - methodological and reporting considerations
AU - Carrero, Juan Jesus
AU - Fu, Edouard L.
AU - Vestergaard, Søren V.
AU - Jensen, Simon Kok
AU - Gasparini, Alessandro
AU - Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan
AU - Bell, Samira
AU - Birn, Henrik
AU - Heide-Jørgensen, Uffe
AU - Clase, Catherine M.
AU - Cleary, Faye
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Dekker, Friedo W.
AU - Gansevoort, Ron T.
AU - Hemmelgarn, Brenda R.
AU - Jager, Kitty J.
AU - Jafar, Tazeen H.
AU - Kovesdy, Csaba P.
AU - Sood, Manish M.
AU - Stengel, Bénédicte
AU - Christiansen, Christian F.
AU - Iwagami, Masao
AU - Nitsch, Dorothea
N1 - Funding Information:
JJC acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council. ELF acknowledges support by a Rubicon Grant of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). MMS is funded by the Jindal Research Chair for the Prevention of Kidney Disease. CFC acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark. VM is funded by the National Institutes for Health (NIH) Research. FC is funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/N013638/1). JC acknowledges support from the NIH and US National Kidney Foundation.
Copyright:
© 2022. Published by Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - The availability of electronic health records and access to a large number of routine measurements of serum creatinine and urinary albumin enhance the possibilities for epidemiologic research in kidney disease. However, the frequency of health care use and laboratory testing is determined by health status and indication, imposing certain challenges when identifying patients with kidney injury or disease, when using markers of kidney function as covariates, or when evaluating kidney outcomes. Depending on the specific research question, this may influence the interpretation, generalizability, and/or validity of study results. This review illustrates the heterogeneity of working definitions of kidney disease in the scientific literature and discusses advantages and limitations of the most commonly used approaches using 3 examples. We summarize ways to identify and overcome possible biases and conclude by proposing a framework for reporting definitions of exposures and outcomes in studies of kidney disease using routinely collected health care data.
AB - The availability of electronic health records and access to a large number of routine measurements of serum creatinine and urinary albumin enhance the possibilities for epidemiologic research in kidney disease. However, the frequency of health care use and laboratory testing is determined by health status and indication, imposing certain challenges when identifying patients with kidney injury or disease, when using markers of kidney function as covariates, or when evaluating kidney outcomes. Depending on the specific research question, this may influence the interpretation, generalizability, and/or validity of study results. This review illustrates the heterogeneity of working definitions of kidney disease in the scientific literature and discusses advantages and limitations of the most commonly used approaches using 3 examples. We summarize ways to identify and overcome possible biases and conclude by proposing a framework for reporting definitions of exposures and outcomes in studies of kidney disease using routinely collected health care data.
KW - albuminuria
KW - chronic kidney disease (CKD)
KW - creatinine
KW - epidemiology
KW - estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
KW - routinely collected health care data
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142190301&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.kint.2022.09.020
DO - 10.1016/j.kint.2022.09.020
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36280224
SN - 0085-2538
VL - 103
SP - 53
EP - 69
JO - Kidney International
JF - Kidney International
IS - 1
ER -