Detection of anabolic-androgenic steroids in ecigarettes seized from prisons: A case study

Richard L. Harries; Caitlyn Norman; Robert  Reid; Niamh Nic Daéid; Lorna A. Nisbet

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965

Detection of anabolic-androgenic steroids in ecigarettes seized from prisons: A case study

Richard L. Harries, Caitlyn Norman, Robert Reid, Niamh Nic Daéid, Lorna A. Nisbet (Lead / Corresponding author)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

87 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The administration of new psychoactive substances (NPS), in particular synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), via e-cigarettes, within prison settings has been well publicized. This study provides an overview of five e-cigarette case samples seized from Scottish prisons between May 2022 and July 2023 where the anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) mestanolone and oxandrolone were identified following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These e-cigarette samples represented 2.9% of all samples containing e-cigarette cartridges (n = 170) and 9.4% of all samples found to contain AASs (n = 53) seized during the same time period. The AASs were detected in combination with other drugs, including cocaine, Δ ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ ⁹-THC), SCRAs and nicotine. This represents a new and novel route of administration for AASs.

Original language	English
Article number	111965
Number of pages	4
Journal	Forensic Science International
Volume	356
Early online date	10 Feb 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965
Publication status	Published - Mar 2024

Keywords

Electronic cigarettes
prisons
anabolic-androgenic steriods
poly-drug use
vaping
Prisons
Vaping
Anabolic-androgenic steroids
Poly-drug use

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Final published versionFinal published version, 3.25 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science (LRCFS)
Nic Daeid, N. (Investigator)
Leverhulme Trust
1/07/16 → 30/06/26
Project: Research

Cite this

@article{bf6e7d6e7c704508a7ab35155f42b710,

title = "Detection of anabolic-androgenic steroids in ecigarettes seized from prisons: A case study",

abstract = "The administration of new psychoactive substances (NPS), in particular synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), via e-cigarettes, within prison settings has been well publicized. This study provides an overview of five e-cigarette case samples seized from Scottish prisons between May 2022 and July 2023 where the anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) mestanolone and oxandrolone were identified following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These e-cigarette samples represented 2.9% of all samples containing e-cigarette cartridges (n = 170) and 9.4% of all samples found to contain AASs (n = 53) seized during the same time period. The AASs were detected in combination with other drugs, including cocaine, Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), SCRAs and nicotine. This represents a new and novel route of administration for AASs.",

keywords = "Electronic cigarettes, prisons, anabolic-androgenic steriods, poly-drug use, vaping, Prisons, Vaping, Anabolic-androgenic steroids, Poly-drug use",

author = "Harries, {Richard L.} and Caitlyn Norman and Robert Reid and {Nic Da{\'e}id}, Niamh and Nisbet, {Lorna A.}",

note = "Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2024",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965",

language = "English",

volume = "356",

journal = "Forensic Science International",

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T1 - Detection of anabolic-androgenic steroids in ecigarettes seized from prisons

T2 - A case study

AU - Harries, Richard L.

AU - Norman, Caitlyn

AU - Reid, Robert

AU - Nic Daéid, Niamh

AU - Nisbet, Lorna A.

PY - 2024/3

Y1 - 2024/3

N2 - The administration of new psychoactive substances (NPS), in particular synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), via e-cigarettes, within prison settings has been well publicized. This study provides an overview of five e-cigarette case samples seized from Scottish prisons between May 2022 and July 2023 where the anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) mestanolone and oxandrolone were identified following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These e-cigarette samples represented 2.9% of all samples containing e-cigarette cartridges (n = 170) and 9.4% of all samples found to contain AASs (n = 53) seized during the same time period. The AASs were detected in combination with other drugs, including cocaine, Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), SCRAs and nicotine. This represents a new and novel route of administration for AASs.

AB - The administration of new psychoactive substances (NPS), in particular synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), via e-cigarettes, within prison settings has been well publicized. This study provides an overview of five e-cigarette case samples seized from Scottish prisons between May 2022 and July 2023 where the anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) mestanolone and oxandrolone were identified following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These e-cigarette samples represented 2.9% of all samples containing e-cigarette cartridges (n = 170) and 9.4% of all samples found to contain AASs (n = 53) seized during the same time period. The AASs were detected in combination with other drugs, including cocaine, Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC), SCRAs and nicotine. This represents a new and novel route of administration for AASs.

KW - Electronic cigarettes

KW - prisons

KW - anabolic-androgenic steriods

KW - poly-drug use

KW - vaping

KW - Prisons

KW - Vaping

KW - Anabolic-androgenic steroids

KW - Poly-drug use

U2 - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965

DO - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111965

M3 - Article

C2 - 38359752

SN - 0379-0738

VL - 356

JO - Forensic Science International

JF - Forensic Science International

M1 - 111965

ER -

Detection of anabolic-androgenic steroids in ecigarettes seized from prisons: A case study

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Projects

Leverhulme Research Centre for Forensic Science (LRCFS)

Cite this