Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents

I. Flamarique; P. Santosh; A. Zuddas; C. Arango; D. Purper-Ouakil; P. J. Hoekstra; D. Coghill; U. Schulze; R. W. Dittmann; J. K. Buitelaar; K. Lievesley; R. Frongia; C. Llorente; I. Méndez; R. Sala; F. Fiori; J. Castro-Fornieles

doi:10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2

Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents

I. Flamarique (Lead / Corresponding author), P. Santosh, A. Zuddas, C. Arango, D. Purper-Ouakil, P. J. Hoekstra, D. Coghill, U. Schulze, R. W. Dittmann, J. K. Buitelaar, K. Lievesley, R. Frongia, C. Llorente, I. Méndez, R. Sala, F. Fiori, J. Castro-Fornieles

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Background: To create a self-reported, internet-based questionnaire for the assessment of suicide risk in children and adolescents.

Methods: As part of the EU project 'Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics' (STOP project), we developed web-based Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for children and adolescents and for proxy reports by parents and clinicians in order to assess suicidality. Based on a literature review, expert panels and focus groups of patients, we developed the items of the STOP Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in Spanish and English, translated it into four more languages, and optimized it for web-based presentation using the HealthTracker^TM platform. Of the total 19 questions developed for the STOP-SAS, four questions that assess low-level suicidality were identified as screening questions (three of them for use with children, and all four for use with adolescents, parents and clinicians). A total of 395 adolescents, 110 children, 637 parents and 716 clinicians completed the questionnaire using the HealthTracker^TM, allowing us to evaluate the internal consistency and convergent validity of the STOP-SAS with the clinician-rated Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Validity was also assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of the STOP-SAS with the C-SSRS.

Results: The STOP-SAS comprises 19 items in its adolescent, parent, and clinician versions, and 14 items in its children's version. Good internal consistency was found for adolescents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.965), children (Cronbach's alpha: 0.922), parents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.951) and clinicians (Cronbach's alpha: 0.955) versions. A strong correlation was found between the STOP-SAS and the C-SSRS for adolescents (r:0.670), parents (r:0.548), clinicians (r:0.863) and children (r:0.654). The ROC area was good for clinicians' (0.917), adolescents' (0.834) and parents' (0.756) versions but only fair (0.683) for children's version.

Conclusions: The STOP-SAS is a comprehensive, web-based PROM developed on the HealthTracker^TM platform, and co-designed for use by adolescents, children, parents and clinicians. It allows the evaluation of aspects of suicidality and shows good reliability and validity.

Original language	English
Article number	213
Pages (from-to)	1-13
Number of pages	13
Journal	JAMA Pediatrics
Volume	16
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2
Publication status	Published - 13 Dec 2016

Keywords

Adolescents
Adverse events
Assessment
Children
Parents
Scale
Suicidality

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2Licence: CC BY

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© The Author(s). 2016 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Cite this

Flamarique, I., Santosh, P., Zuddas, A., Arango, C., Purper-Ouakil, D., Hoekstra, P. J., Coghill, D., Schulze, U., Dittmann, R. W., Buitelaar, J. K., Lievesley, K., Frongia, R., Llorente, C., Méndez, I., Sala, R., Fiori, F., & Castro-Fornieles, J. (2016). Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents. JAMA Pediatrics, 16(1), 1-13. Article 213. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2

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title = "Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents",

abstract = "Background: To create a self-reported, internet-based questionnaire for the assessment of suicide risk in children and adolescents. Methods: As part of the EU project 'Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics' (STOP project), we developed web-based Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for children and adolescents and for proxy reports by parents and clinicians in order to assess suicidality. Based on a literature review, expert panels and focus groups of patients, we developed the items of the STOP Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in Spanish and English, translated it into four more languages, and optimized it for web-based presentation using the HealthTrackerTM platform. Of the total 19 questions developed for the STOP-SAS, four questions that assess low-level suicidality were identified as screening questions (three of them for use with children, and all four for use with adolescents, parents and clinicians). A total of 395 adolescents, 110 children, 637 parents and 716 clinicians completed the questionnaire using the HealthTrackerTM, allowing us to evaluate the internal consistency and convergent validity of the STOP-SAS with the clinician-rated Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Validity was also assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of the STOP-SAS with the C-SSRS. Results: The STOP-SAS comprises 19 items in its adolescent, parent, and clinician versions, and 14 items in its children's version. Good internal consistency was found for adolescents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.965), children (Cronbach's alpha: 0.922), parents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.951) and clinicians (Cronbach's alpha: 0.955) versions. A strong correlation was found between the STOP-SAS and the C-SSRS for adolescents (r:0.670), parents (r:0.548), clinicians (r:0.863) and children (r:0.654). The ROC area was good for clinicians' (0.917), adolescents' (0.834) and parents' (0.756) versions but only fair (0.683) for children's version. Conclusions: The STOP-SAS is a comprehensive, web-based PROM developed on the HealthTrackerTM platform, and co-designed for use by adolescents, children, parents and clinicians. It allows the evaluation of aspects of suicidality and shows good reliability and validity.",

keywords = "Adolescents, Adverse events, Assessment, Children, Parents, Scale, Suicidality",

author = "I. Flamarique and P. Santosh and A. Zuddas and C. Arango and D. Purper-Ouakil and Hoekstra, {P. J.} and D. Coghill and U. Schulze and Dittmann, {R. W.} and Buitelaar, {J. K.} and K. Lievesley and R. Frongia and C. Llorente and I. M{\'e}ndez and R. Sala and F. Fiori and J. Castro-Fornieles",

note = "Funding: Seventh Framework Programme (261411).",

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Flamarique, I, Santosh, P, Zuddas, A, Arango, C, Purper-Ouakil, D, Hoekstra, PJ, Coghill, D, Schulze, U, Dittmann, RW, Buitelaar, JK, Lievesley, K, Frongia, R, Llorente, C, Méndez, I, Sala, R, Fiori, F & Castro-Fornieles, J 2016, 'Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents', JAMA Pediatrics, vol. 16, no. 1, 213, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2

Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents. / Flamarique, I. (Lead / Corresponding author); Santosh, P.; Zuddas, A. et al.
In: JAMA Pediatrics, Vol. 16, No. 1, 213, 13.12.2016, p. 1-13.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality

T2 - Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents

AU - Flamarique, I.

AU - Santosh, P.

AU - Zuddas, A.

AU - Arango, C.

AU - Purper-Ouakil, D.

AU - Hoekstra, P. J.

AU - Coghill, D.

AU - Schulze, U.

AU - Dittmann, R. W.

AU - Buitelaar, J. K.

AU - Lievesley, K.

AU - Frongia, R.

AU - Llorente, C.

AU - Méndez, I.

AU - Sala, R.

AU - Fiori, F.

AU - Castro-Fornieles, J.

N1 - Funding: Seventh Framework Programme (261411).

PY - 2016/12/13

Y1 - 2016/12/13

N2 - Background: To create a self-reported, internet-based questionnaire for the assessment of suicide risk in children and adolescents. Methods: As part of the EU project 'Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics' (STOP project), we developed web-based Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for children and adolescents and for proxy reports by parents and clinicians in order to assess suicidality. Based on a literature review, expert panels and focus groups of patients, we developed the items of the STOP Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in Spanish and English, translated it into four more languages, and optimized it for web-based presentation using the HealthTrackerTM platform. Of the total 19 questions developed for the STOP-SAS, four questions that assess low-level suicidality were identified as screening questions (three of them for use with children, and all four for use with adolescents, parents and clinicians). A total of 395 adolescents, 110 children, 637 parents and 716 clinicians completed the questionnaire using the HealthTrackerTM, allowing us to evaluate the internal consistency and convergent validity of the STOP-SAS with the clinician-rated Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Validity was also assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of the STOP-SAS with the C-SSRS. Results: The STOP-SAS comprises 19 items in its adolescent, parent, and clinician versions, and 14 items in its children's version. Good internal consistency was found for adolescents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.965), children (Cronbach's alpha: 0.922), parents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.951) and clinicians (Cronbach's alpha: 0.955) versions. A strong correlation was found between the STOP-SAS and the C-SSRS for adolescents (r:0.670), parents (r:0.548), clinicians (r:0.863) and children (r:0.654). The ROC area was good for clinicians' (0.917), adolescents' (0.834) and parents' (0.756) versions but only fair (0.683) for children's version. Conclusions: The STOP-SAS is a comprehensive, web-based PROM developed on the HealthTrackerTM platform, and co-designed for use by adolescents, children, parents and clinicians. It allows the evaluation of aspects of suicidality and shows good reliability and validity.

AB - Background: To create a self-reported, internet-based questionnaire for the assessment of suicide risk in children and adolescents. Methods: As part of the EU project 'Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics' (STOP project), we developed web-based Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for children and adolescents and for proxy reports by parents and clinicians in order to assess suicidality. Based on a literature review, expert panels and focus groups of patients, we developed the items of the STOP Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in Spanish and English, translated it into four more languages, and optimized it for web-based presentation using the HealthTrackerTM platform. Of the total 19 questions developed for the STOP-SAS, four questions that assess low-level suicidality were identified as screening questions (three of them for use with children, and all four for use with adolescents, parents and clinicians). A total of 395 adolescents, 110 children, 637 parents and 716 clinicians completed the questionnaire using the HealthTrackerTM, allowing us to evaluate the internal consistency and convergent validity of the STOP-SAS with the clinician-rated Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Validity was also assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of the STOP-SAS with the C-SSRS. Results: The STOP-SAS comprises 19 items in its adolescent, parent, and clinician versions, and 14 items in its children's version. Good internal consistency was found for adolescents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.965), children (Cronbach's alpha: 0.922), parents (Cronbach's alpha: 0.951) and clinicians (Cronbach's alpha: 0.955) versions. A strong correlation was found between the STOP-SAS and the C-SSRS for adolescents (r:0.670), parents (r:0.548), clinicians (r:0.863) and children (r:0.654). The ROC area was good for clinicians' (0.917), adolescents' (0.834) and parents' (0.756) versions but only fair (0.683) for children's version. Conclusions: The STOP-SAS is a comprehensive, web-based PROM developed on the HealthTrackerTM platform, and co-designed for use by adolescents, children, parents and clinicians. It allows the evaluation of aspects of suicidality and shows good reliability and validity.

KW - Adolescents

KW - Adverse events

KW - Assessment

KW - Children

KW - Parents

KW - Scale

KW - Suicidality

U2 - 10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2

DO - 10.1186/s12887-016-0751-2

M3 - Article

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AN - SCOPUS:85003906200

SN - 2168-6203

VL - 16

SP - 1

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JO - JAMA Pediatrics

JF - JAMA Pediatrics

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ER -

Development and psychometric properties of the Suicidality: Treatment Occurring in Paediatrics (STOP) Suicidality Assessment Scale (STOP-SAS) in children and adolescents

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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