TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of the support needs after ICU (SNAC) questionnaire
AU - O'Neill, Brenda
AU - Linden, Mark
AU - Ramsay, Pam
AU - Darweish Medniuk, Alia
AU - Outtrim, Joanne
AU - King, Judy
AU - Blackwood, Bronagh
N1 - Funding - Intensive Care Foundation Research Priority Award, UK
© 2021 The Authors. Nursing in Critical Care published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd on behalf of British Association of Critical Care Nurses.
PY - 2022/5
Y1 - 2022/5
N2 - Aims: To develop a questionnaire to identify Intensive Care survivor needs at key transitions during the recovery process, and assess its validity and reliability in a group of ICU survivors.Methods: Development of the Support Needs After ICU (SNAC) questionnaire was based on a systematic scoping review, and analysis of patient interviews (n = 22). Face and content validity were assessed by service users (n = 12) and an expert panel of healthcare professionals (n = 6). A pilot survey among 200 ICU survivors assessed recruitment at one of five different stages after ICU discharge [(1) in hospital, (2) < 6 weeks, (3) 7 weeks to 6 months, (4) 7 to 12 months, or (5) 12 to 24 months post-hospital discharge]; to assess reliability of the SNAC questionnaire; and to conduct exploratory data analysis. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency; intraclass correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability. We explored correlations with sociodemographic variables using Pearson's correlation coefficient; differences between questionnaire scores and patient demographics using one-way ANOVA.Results: The SNAC questionnaire consisted of 32 items that assessed five categories of support needs (informational, emotional, instrumental [e.g. practical physical help, provision of equipment or training], appraisal [e.g. clinician feedback on recovery] and spiritual needs). ICU survivors were recruited from Northern Ireland, England and Scotland. From a total of 375 questionnaires distributed, 202 (54%) were returned. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.97) and high test–retest reliability (r = 0.8) with subcategories ranging from 0.3 to 0.9.Conclusions: The SNAC questionnaire appears to be a comprehensive, valid, and reliable questionnaire. Further research will enable more robust examination of its properties e.g. factor analysis, and establish its utility in identifying whether patients' support needs evolve over time.Relevance to clinical practice: The SNAC questionnaire has the potential to be used to identify ICU survivors' needs and inform post-hospital support services.
AB - Aims: To develop a questionnaire to identify Intensive Care survivor needs at key transitions during the recovery process, and assess its validity and reliability in a group of ICU survivors.Methods: Development of the Support Needs After ICU (SNAC) questionnaire was based on a systematic scoping review, and analysis of patient interviews (n = 22). Face and content validity were assessed by service users (n = 12) and an expert panel of healthcare professionals (n = 6). A pilot survey among 200 ICU survivors assessed recruitment at one of five different stages after ICU discharge [(1) in hospital, (2) < 6 weeks, (3) 7 weeks to 6 months, (4) 7 to 12 months, or (5) 12 to 24 months post-hospital discharge]; to assess reliability of the SNAC questionnaire; and to conduct exploratory data analysis. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency; intraclass correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability. We explored correlations with sociodemographic variables using Pearson's correlation coefficient; differences between questionnaire scores and patient demographics using one-way ANOVA.Results: The SNAC questionnaire consisted of 32 items that assessed five categories of support needs (informational, emotional, instrumental [e.g. practical physical help, provision of equipment or training], appraisal [e.g. clinician feedback on recovery] and spiritual needs). ICU survivors were recruited from Northern Ireland, England and Scotland. From a total of 375 questionnaires distributed, 202 (54%) were returned. The questionnaire had high internal consistency (0.97) and high test–retest reliability (r = 0.8) with subcategories ranging from 0.3 to 0.9.Conclusions: The SNAC questionnaire appears to be a comprehensive, valid, and reliable questionnaire. Further research will enable more robust examination of its properties e.g. factor analysis, and establish its utility in identifying whether patients' support needs evolve over time.Relevance to clinical practice: The SNAC questionnaire has the potential to be used to identify ICU survivors' needs and inform post-hospital support services.
KW - adult intensive care
KW - ICU follow-up
KW - questionnaire design/survey
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112367230&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/nicc.12695
DO - 10.1111/nicc.12695
M3 - Article
C2 - 34387920
SN - 1362-1017
VL - 27
SP - 410
EP - 418
JO - Nursing in Critical Care
JF - Nursing in Critical Care
IS - 3
ER -