Does the environmental licensing policy framework in Sri Lanka adequately address the challenges posed by offshore wind energy projects in the country?

This paper aims to examine Sri Lanka's environmental licensing system and assess its adequacy for the successful development of offshore wind projects. Sri Lanka has been recognized as an ideal location for offshore renewable energy projects, particularly offshore wind, due to its geographic characteristics as an island with consistent 24-hour wind conditions. This article explores the factors contributing to Sri Lanka's suitability for offshore wind energy and evaluates the current environmental licensing procedures in place. Additionally, it draws on past experiences where inadequate environmental impact assessments led to human rights violations, highlighting the need for robust regulatory frameworks. Given the significant financial investments involved in offshore wind farm projects, identifying regulatory shortcomings is crucial. This paper advocates for adopting a more effective system, such as the one-stop-shop model implemented in Scotland, which centralises permitting and licensing processes. Implementing such a model in Sri Lanka could enhance the country’s offshore wind energy potential and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7, which focuses on ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all.