Enhanced osteogenesis on proantocyanidin-loaded date palm endocarp cellulosic matrices: A novel sustainable approach for guided bone regeneration

TY - JOUR

T1 - Enhanced osteogenesis on proantocyanidin-loaded date palm endocarp cellulosic matrices

T2 - A novel sustainable approach for guided bone regeneration

AU - Galefi, Atena

AU - Nourany, Mohammad

AU - Hosseini, Saadi

AU - Alipour, Atefeh

AU - Azari, Shahram

AU - Jahanfar, Mehdi

AU - Farrokhi, Naser

AU - Homaeigohar, Shahin

AU - Shahsavarani, Hosein

N1 - Funding Information: The research work was partially supported by grant in aid by Shahid Beheshti University to HS. We thank the staff of the Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Biomedical Innovations, Pasteur Institute of Iran, particularly Dr. Mohammadali Shokrgozar for their kind technical supports and discussions. Further, we do appreciate Mr. Saeed Javadi Anaghizi of Central laboratory of the Shahid Beheshti University for his technical supports. Copyright: © 2023 Published by Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2023/7/1

Y1 - 2023/7/1

N2 - Developing inexpensive, biocompatible natural scaffolds that can support the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells has been recently emphasized by the research community to faster obtain the FDA approvals for regenerative medicine. In this regard, plant-derived cellulose materials are a novel class of sustainable scaffolding materials with high potentials for bone tissue engineering (BTE). However, low bioactivity of the plant-derived cellulose scaffolds restricts cell proliferation and cell differentiation. This limitation can be addressed though surface-functionalization of cellulose scaffolds with natural antioxidant polyphenols, e.g., grape seed proanthocyanidin (PCA)-rich extract (GSPE). Despite the various merits of GSPE as a natural antioxidant, its impact on the proliferation and adhesion of osteoblast precursor cells, and on their osteogenic differentiation is an as-yet unknown issue. Here, we investigated the effects of GSPE surface functionalization on the physicochemical properties of decellularized date (Phoenix dactyliferous) fruit inner layer (endocarp) (DE) scaffold. In this regard, various physiochemical characteristics of the DE-GSPE scaffold such as hydrophilicity, surface roughness, mechanical stiffness, porosity, and swelling, and biodegradation behavior were compared with those of the DE scaffold. Additionally, the impact of the GSPE treatment of the DE scaffold on the osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was thoroughly studied. For this purpose, cellular activities including cell adhesion, calcium deposition and mineralization, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression levels of bone-related genes were monitored. Taken together, the GSPE treatment enhanced the physicochemical and biological properties of the DE-GSPE scaffold, thereby raising its potentials as a promising candidate for guided bone regeneration.

AB - Developing inexpensive, biocompatible natural scaffolds that can support the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells has been recently emphasized by the research community to faster obtain the FDA approvals for regenerative medicine. In this regard, plant-derived cellulose materials are a novel class of sustainable scaffolding materials with high potentials for bone tissue engineering (BTE). However, low bioactivity of the plant-derived cellulose scaffolds restricts cell proliferation and cell differentiation. This limitation can be addressed though surface-functionalization of cellulose scaffolds with natural antioxidant polyphenols, e.g., grape seed proanthocyanidin (PCA)-rich extract (GSPE). Despite the various merits of GSPE as a natural antioxidant, its impact on the proliferation and adhesion of osteoblast precursor cells, and on their osteogenic differentiation is an as-yet unknown issue. Here, we investigated the effects of GSPE surface functionalization on the physicochemical properties of decellularized date (Phoenix dactyliferous) fruit inner layer (endocarp) (DE) scaffold. In this regard, various physiochemical characteristics of the DE-GSPE scaffold such as hydrophilicity, surface roughness, mechanical stiffness, porosity, and swelling, and biodegradation behavior were compared with those of the DE scaffold. Additionally, the impact of the GSPE treatment of the DE scaffold on the osteogenic response of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was thoroughly studied. For this purpose, cellular activities including cell adhesion, calcium deposition and mineralization, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression levels of bone-related genes were monitored. Taken together, the GSPE treatment enhanced the physicochemical and biological properties of the DE-GSPE scaffold, thereby raising its potentials as a promising candidate for guided bone regeneration.

KW - Bone tissue engineering

KW - Cellulose-based scaffold

KW - Human mesenchymal stem cell

KW - Phoenix dactylifera

KW - Proanthocyanidins

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85159306304

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124857

DO - 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124857

M3 - Article

C2 - 37187421

SN - 0141-8130

VL - 242

JO - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

JF - International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

IS - Part 2

M1 - 124857

ER -