Equivalent-circuit and transport-based mobility models of microcrystalline silicon solar cells

Microcrystalline silicon thin film solar cells exhibit optimal PV efficiency when the absorber layer contains similar proportions of crystalline and amorphous phases. When the crystalline fraction is reduced below 30%, efficiency falls very steeply, from around 8% to as low as 2%, and does not recover until fully amorphous growth conditions are established. We demonstrate that an electrical model, comprising two parallel-connected diodes scaled to reflect material composition, qualitatively predicts the features observed in the PV parameters. However the scale of the reduction in fill-factor is not reproduced. As an alternative approach, a homogeneous transport model is proposed in which carrier mobilities are scaled in accordance with values determined by the time-of-flight experiment. This model predicts a large reduction in fill-factor for low-crystallinity absorbers more in keeping with measurement. A novel carrier transport landscape is proposed to account for mobility variations.