Experimental investigation of the seismic response of classical temple columns

Remnants of Greek Temples are found all over the Mediterranean, surviving in most cases in the form of free-standing columns. The drums are resting on top of each other without any connection, being considered susceptible to strong seismic shaking. Their seismic response is complex, comprising a variety of mechanisms, such as rocking of sliding of the drums relative to each other. This paper studies experimentally the seismic performance of such structures, aiming to derive insights on the key factors affecting the response. Physical models of such multi-drum columns were constructed at reduced scale and tested at the shaking table of the NTUA Laboratory of Soil Mechanics. The marble specimens were excited by idealized Ricker wavelets and real seismic records. The tested multi-drum columns were proven to be very earthquake-resistant. Even when subjected to the strongest motions ever recorded in Greece, their permanent deformation was minimal.