Foraging Signals Promote Swarming in Starving Pseudomonas aeruginosa

TY - JOUR

T1 - Foraging Signals Promote Swarming in Starving Pseudomonas aeruginosa

AU - Badal, Divakar

AU - Jayarani, Abhijith Vimal

AU - Kollaran, Mohammad Ameen

AU - Prakash, Deep

AU - P, Monisha

AU - Singh, Varsha

N1 - Copyright: © 2021 Badal et al.

PY - 2021/10/26

Y1 - 2021/10/26

N2 - The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known for exhibiting diverse forms of collective behaviors, like swarming motility and bio-film formation. Swarming in P. aeruginosa is a collective movement of the bacterial population over a semisolid surface, but specific swarming signals are not clear. We hypothesize that specific environmental signals induce swarming in P. aeruginosa. We show that under nutrient-limiting conditions, a low concentration of ethanol provides a strong ecological motivation for swarming in P. aeruginosa strain PA14. Ethanol serves as a signal and not a source of carbon under these conditions. Moreover, ethanol-driven swarming relies on the ability of the bacteria to metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde using a periplasmic quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase, ExaA. We found that ErdR, an orphan response regulator linked to ethanol oxidation, is necessary for the transcriptional regulation of a cluster of 17 genes, including exaA, during swarm lag. Further, we show that P. aeruginosa displays characteristic foraging motility on a lawn of Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast species, in a manner dependent on the ethanol dehydrogenase ErdR and on rhamnolipids. Finally, we show that ethanol, as a volatile, could induce swarming in P. aeruginosa at a distance, suggesting long-range spatial effects of ethanol as a signaling molecule.

AB - The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known for exhibiting diverse forms of collective behaviors, like swarming motility and bio-film formation. Swarming in P. aeruginosa is a collective movement of the bacterial population over a semisolid surface, but specific swarming signals are not clear. We hypothesize that specific environmental signals induce swarming in P. aeruginosa. We show that under nutrient-limiting conditions, a low concentration of ethanol provides a strong ecological motivation for swarming in P. aeruginosa strain PA14. Ethanol serves as a signal and not a source of carbon under these conditions. Moreover, ethanol-driven swarming relies on the ability of the bacteria to metabolize ethanol to acetaldehyde using a periplasmic quinoprotein alcohol dehydrogenase, ExaA. We found that ErdR, an orphan response regulator linked to ethanol oxidation, is necessary for the transcriptional regulation of a cluster of 17 genes, including exaA, during swarm lag. Further, we show that P. aeruginosa displays characteristic foraging motility on a lawn of Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast species, in a manner dependent on the ethanol dehydrogenase ErdR and on rhamnolipids. Finally, we show that ethanol, as a volatile, could induce swarming in P. aeruginosa at a distance, suggesting long-range spatial effects of ethanol as a signaling molecule.

KW - Cryptococcus neoformans

KW - Ethanol oxidation

KW - Foraging signal

KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa

KW - Rhamnolipid

KW - Starvation

KW - Swarming motility

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85121015063

U2 - 10.1128/mBio.02033-21

DO - 10.1128/mBio.02033-21

M3 - Article

C2 - 34607460

AN - SCOPUS:85121015063

SN - 2161-2129

VL - 12

JO - MBio

JF - MBio

IS - 5

M1 - e02033-21

ER -