Abstract
A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves, branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis, making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant form. In all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical stem. Following the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes, boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 257-277 |
| Number of pages | 21 |
| Journal | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology |
| Volume | 61 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Early online date | 30 Jan 2019 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 18 Mar 2019 |
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Keywords
- Cell Differentiation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Plant Development/genetics
- Plant Stems/growth & development
- Plant Vascular Bundle/cytology
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How Plants Grow Up. / McKim, Sarah (Lead / Corresponding author).
In: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology , Vol. 61, No. 3, 18.03.2019, p. 257-277.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article
TY - JOUR
T1 - How Plants Grow Up
AU - McKim, Sarah
N1 - I acknowledge support from a Royal Society of Edinburgh Personal Research Fellowship and from a BBSRC New Investigator Grant (No. BB/L001934/1).
PY - 2019/3/18
Y1 - 2019/3/18
N2 - A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves, branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis, making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant form. In all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical stem. Following the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes, boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.
AB - A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves, branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot axis, making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant form. In all plants, subapical proliferation within the shoot tip displaces cells downward to extrude the cylindrical stem. Following the transition to flowering, many plants show extensive axial elongation associated with increased subapical proliferation and expansion. However, the cereal grasses also elongate their stems, called culms, due to activity within detached intercalary meristems which displaces cells upward, elevating the grain-bearing inflorescence. Variation in culm length within species is especially relevant to cereal crops, as demonstrated by the high-yielding semi-dwarfed cereals of the Green Revolution. Although previously understudied, recent renewed interest the regulation of subapical and intercalary growth suggests that control of cell division planes, boundary formation and temporal dynamics of differentiation, are likely critical mechanisms coordinating axial growth and development in plants.
KW - Cell Differentiation
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
KW - Plant Development/genetics
KW - Plant Stems/growth & development
KW - Plant Vascular Bundle/cytology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85063039972&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/jipb.12786
DO - 10.1111/jipb.12786
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30697935
VL - 61
SP - 257
EP - 277
JO - Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
JF - Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
SN - 1744-7909
IS - 3
ER -