Hyperammonaemic encephalopathy following bariatric surgery: A case of a potentially life-threatening delayed complication

Hyperammonaemia is a life-threatening condition with numerous aetiologies and a variable presentation. It is increasingly associated with bariatric weight-loss procedures and significant mortality despite treatment. Symptoms often occur long after surgery and at times in association with other trigger illnesses. Patients can present to general medicine, general practice and intensive care as well as surgical and anaesthetic teams. We present the case of a male patient who underwent a sleeve gastrectomy with subsequent weight loss and suffered from hyperammonaemic encephalopathy on multiple occasions. His delayed postoperative complication was likely to be multifactorial in nature, and this is outlined in the case. We discuss presentation, investigation, management and patient outcomes.