TY - JOUR
T1 - In vitro and in planta nematicidal activity of Fumaria parviflora (Fumariaceae) against the southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita
AU - Naz, I.
AU - Palomares-Rius, J. E.
AU - Saifullah, [No Value]
AU - Blok, V.
AU - Khan, M. R.
AU - Ali, S.
AU - Ali, S.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Root and stem extracts of Fumaria parviflora showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita in in vitro and in planta experiments. Phytochemical screening of F.parviflora revealed the presence of seven classes of bioactive compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids and phenols). Quantitative determination of the plant extracts showed the highest percentages of alkaloids (0.9 +/- 0.04) and saponins (1.3 +/- 0.07) in the roots and total phenolic contents in the stem (16.75 +/- 0.07 mu g dry g(-1)). The n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of roots and stems at concentrations of 3.12, 6.24, 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg mL(-1), significantly inhibited hatching and increased mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2s) compared with water controls. Percentage J2 mortality and hatch inhibition were directly related to exposure time. In pot trials with tomato cv. Rio Grande, root and stem extracts at concentrations of 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm, applied as soil drenches, significantly reduced the number of galls, galling index, eggs masses, eggs and reproduction factor compared with the water control. Regardless of concentration, all the extracts significantly increased the host plant growth parameters studied. The n-hexane extracts from the roots and stem were the most active, followed by the methanol ones, at all concentrations. The in vitro and in planta results suggest that extracts from the roots and stem of F.parviflora may be potential novel nematicides.
AB - Root and stem extracts of Fumaria parviflora showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita in in vitro and in planta experiments. Phytochemical screening of F.parviflora revealed the presence of seven classes of bioactive compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, steroids and phenols). Quantitative determination of the plant extracts showed the highest percentages of alkaloids (0.9 +/- 0.04) and saponins (1.3 +/- 0.07) in the roots and total phenolic contents in the stem (16.75 +/- 0.07 mu g dry g(-1)). The n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of roots and stems at concentrations of 3.12, 6.24, 12.5, 25.0 and 50.0 mg mL(-1), significantly inhibited hatching and increased mortality of second-stage juveniles (J2s) compared with water controls. Percentage J2 mortality and hatch inhibition were directly related to exposure time. In pot trials with tomato cv. Rio Grande, root and stem extracts at concentrations of 1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm, applied as soil drenches, significantly reduced the number of galls, galling index, eggs masses, eggs and reproduction factor compared with the water control. Regardless of concentration, all the extracts significantly increased the host plant growth parameters studied. The n-hexane extracts from the roots and stem were the most active, followed by the methanol ones, at all concentrations. The in vitro and in planta results suggest that extracts from the roots and stem of F.parviflora may be potential novel nematicides.
KW - JAVANICA
KW - Fumaria parviflora
KW - tomato
KW - nematicidal activity
KW - phytochemicals
KW - GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES
KW - EFFICACY
KW - INDICA
KW - TANNINS
KW - bioassay
KW - SHEEP
KW - Meloidogyne incognita
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02682.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2012.02682.x
M3 - Article
SN - 1464-6722
VL - 62
SP - 943
EP - 952
JO - Molecular Plant Pathology
JF - Molecular Plant Pathology
IS - 4
ER -