Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Claire Alexandra Lawson; Alastair James Moss; Jayanth Ranjit Arnold; Catherine Bagot; Amitava Banerjee; Colin Berry; John Greenwood; Alun D. Hughes; Kamlesh Khunti; Nicholas L. Mills; Stefan Neubauer; Betty Raman; Naveed Sattar; Olivia C. Leavy; Matthew Richardson; Omer Elneima; Hamish J.C. McAuley; Aarti Shikotra; Amisha Singapuri; Marco Sereno; Ruth Saunders; Victoria Harris; Linzy Houchen-Wolloff; Neil J. Greening; Ewen Harrison; Annemarie B. Docherty; Nazir I. Lone; Jennifer Kathleen Quint; James Chalmers; Ling Pei Ho; Alex Horsley; Michael Marks; Krisnah Poinasamy; Rachael Evans; Louise V. Wain; Chris Brightling; Gerry P. McCann

doi:10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Claire Alexandra Lawson, Alastair James Moss, Jayanth Ranjit Arnold, Catherine Bagot, Amitava Banerjee, Colin Berry, John Greenwood, Alun D. Hughes, Kamlesh Khunti, Nicholas L. Mills, Stefan Neubauer, Betty Raman, Naveed Sattar, Olivia C. Leavy, Matthew Richardson, Omer Elneima, Hamish J.C. McAuley, Aarti Shikotra, Amisha Singapuri, Marco SerenoRuth Saunders, Victoria Harris, Linzy Houchen-Wolloff, Neil J. Greening, Ewen Harrison, Annemarie B. Docherty, Nazir I. Lone, Jennifer Kathleen Quint, James Chalmers, Ling Pei Ho, Alex Horsley, Michael Marks, Krisnah Poinasamy, Rachael Evans, Louise V. Wain, Chris Brightling, Gerry P. McCann (Lead / Corresponding author),

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Abstract

Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known.

Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health.

Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86).

Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.

Original language	English
Article number	e002662
Number of pages	11
Journal	Open Heart
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662
Publication status	Published - 27 May 2024

Keywords

CARDIAC REHABILITATION
COVID-19
RISK FACTORS

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662Licence: CC BY

Final Published VersionFinal published version, 1.34 MBLicence: CC BY

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Lawson, C. A., Moss, A. J., Arnold, J. R., Bagot, C., Banerjee, A., Berry, C., Greenwood, J., Hughes, A. D., Khunti, K., Mills, N. L., Neubauer, S., Raman, B., Sattar, N., Leavy, O. C., Richardson, M., Elneima, O., McAuley, H. J. C., Shikotra, A., Singapuri, A. (2024). Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study. Open Heart, 11(1), Article e002662. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

@article{d2c77abd056f4fa5b252c2c43dd001f5,

title = "Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study",

abstract = "Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known. Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors. Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health. Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86). Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.",

keywords = "CARDIAC REHABILITATION, COVID-19, RISK FACTORS",

author = "Lawson, {Claire Alexandra} and Moss, {Alastair James} and Arnold, {Jayanth Ranjit} and Catherine Bagot and Amitava Banerjee and Colin Berry and John Greenwood and Hughes, {Alun D.} and Kamlesh Khunti and Mills, {Nicholas L.} and Stefan Neubauer and Betty Raman and Naveed Sattar and Leavy, {Olivia C.} and Matthew Richardson and Omer Elneima and McAuley, {Hamish J.C.} and Aarti Shikotra and Amisha Singapuri and Marco Sereno and Ruth Saunders and Victoria Harris and Linzy Houchen-Wolloff and Greening, {Neil J.} and Ewen Harrison and Docherty, {Annemarie B.} and Lone, {Nazir I.} and Quint, {Jennifer Kathleen} and James Chalmers and Ho, {Ling Pei} and Alex Horsley and Michael Marks and Krisnah Poinasamy and Rachael Evans and Wain, {Louise V.} and Chris Brightling and McCann, {Gerry P.} and J George",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2024 Authors.",

year = "2024",

month = may,

day = "27",

doi = "10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

journal = "Open Heart",

issn = "2398-595X",

publisher = "BMJ Publishing Group",

number = "1",

}

Lawson, CA, Moss, AJ, Arnold, JR, Bagot, C, Banerjee, A, Berry, C, Greenwood, J, Hughes, AD, Khunti, K, Mills, NL, Neubauer, S, Raman, B, Sattar, N, Leavy, OC, Richardson, M, Elneima, O, McAuley, HJC, Shikotra, A, Singapuri, A, Sereno, M, Saunders, R, Harris, V, Houchen-Wolloff, L, Greening, NJ, Harrison, E, Docherty, AB, Lone, NI, Quint, JK, Chalmers, J, Ho, LP, Horsley, A, Marks, M, Poinasamy, K, Evans, R, Wain, LV, Brightling, C, McCann, GP 2024, 'Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study', Open Heart, vol. 11, no. 1, e002662. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long COVID and cardiovascular disease

T2 - a prospective cohort study

AU - Lawson, Claire Alexandra

AU - Moss, Alastair James

AU - Arnold, Jayanth Ranjit

AU - Bagot, Catherine

AU - Banerjee, Amitava

AU - Berry, Colin

AU - Greenwood, John

AU - Hughes, Alun D.

AU - Khunti, Kamlesh

AU - Mills, Nicholas L.

AU - Neubauer, Stefan

AU - Raman, Betty

AU - Sattar, Naveed

AU - Leavy, Olivia C.

AU - Richardson, Matthew

AU - Elneima, Omer

AU - McAuley, Hamish J.C.

AU - Shikotra, Aarti

AU - Singapuri, Amisha

AU - Sereno, Marco

AU - Saunders, Ruth

AU - Harris, Victoria

AU - Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy

AU - Greening, Neil J.

AU - Harrison, Ewen

AU - Docherty, Annemarie B.

AU - Lone, Nazir I.

AU - Quint, Jennifer Kathleen

AU - Chalmers, James

AU - Ho, Ling Pei

AU - Horsley, Alex

AU - Marks, Michael

AU - Poinasamy, Krisnah

AU - Evans, Rachael

AU - Wain, Louise V.

AU - Brightling, Chris

AU - McCann, Gerry P.

AU - George, J

PY - 2024/5/27

Y1 - 2024/5/27

N2 - Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known. Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors. Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health. Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86). Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.

AB - Background Pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cardiovascular risk factors have been associated with an increased risk of complications following hospitalisation with COVID-19, but their impact on the rate of recovery following discharge is not known. Objectives To determine whether the rate of patient-perceived recovery following hospitalisation with COVID-19 was affected by the presence of CVD or cardiovascular risk factors. Methods In a multicentre prospective cohort study, patients were recruited following discharge from the hospital with COVID-19 undertaking two comprehensive assessments at 5 months and 12 months. Patients were stratified by the presence of either CVD or cardiovascular risk factors prior to hospitalisation with COVID-19 and compared with controls with neither. Full recovery was determined by the response to a patient-perceived evaluation of full recovery from COVID-19 in the context of physical, physiological and cognitive determinants of health. Results From a total population of 2545 patients (38.8% women), 472 (18.5%) and 1355 (53.2%) had CVD or cardiovascular risk factors, respectively. Compared with controls (n=718), patients with CVD and cardiovascular risk factors were older and more likely to have had severe COVID-19. Full recovery was significantly lower at 12 months in patients with CVD (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.62, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.89) and cardiovascular risk factors (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.86). Conclusion Patients with CVD or cardiovascular risk factors had a delayed recovery at 12 months following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Targeted interventions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease remain an unmet need.

KW - CARDIAC REHABILITATION

KW - COVID-19

KW - RISK FACTORS

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85194393595&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

DO - 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002662

M3 - Article

C2 - 38802280

AN - SCOPUS:85194393595

SN - 2398-595X

VL - 11

JO - Open Heart

JF - Open Heart

IS - 1

M1 - e002662

ER -

Long COVID and cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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