Long term health outcomes in people with diabetes 12 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK: a prospective cohort study

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long term health outcomes in people with diabetes 12 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 in the UK

T2 - a prospective cohort study

AU - Gharibzadeh, Safoora

AU - Routen, Ash

AU - Razieh, Cameron

AU - Zaccardi, Francesco

AU - Lawson, Claire

AU - Gillies, Clare

AU - Heller, Simon

AU - Davies, Melanie

AU - Atkins, Helen

AU - Bain, Stephen C.

AU - Lone, Nazir L.

AU - Poinasamy, Krisnah

AU - Peto, Tunde

AU - Robertson, Elizabeth

AU - Young, Bob

AU - Johnston, Desmond

AU - Quint, Jennifer

AU - Valabhji, Jonathan

AU - Ismail, Khalida

AU - Marks, Michael

AU - Horsley, Alex

AU - Docherty, Annemarie

AU - Harrison, Ewen

AU - Chalmers, James

AU - Ho, Ling-Pei

AU - Raman, Betty

AU - Brightling, Chris

AU - Elneima, Omer

AU - Evans, Rachel

AU - Greening, Neil

AU - Harris, Victoria C.

AU - Houchen-Wolloff, Linzy

AU - Sereno, Marco

AU - Shikotra, Aarti

AU - Singapuri, Amisha

AU - Wain, Louise

AU - Langenberg, Claudia

AU - Dennis, John

AU - Petrie, John

AU - Sattar, Naveed

AU - Leavy, Olivia

AU - Richardson, Mattew

AU - Saunders, Ruth M.

AU - McArdle, Anne

AU - McASuley, Hamish

AU - Yates, Tom

AU - Khunti, Kamlesh

AU - PHOSP-COVID Collaborative Group

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s)

PY - 2025/1

Y1 - 2025/1

N2 - Background: People with diabetes are at increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term outcomes for people with diabetes previously hospitalised with COVID-19 are, however, unknown. This study aimed to determine the longer-term physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 in people with and without diabetes. Methods: The PHOSP-COVID study is a multicentre, long-term follow-up study of adults discharged from hospital between 1 February 2020 and 31 March 2021 in the UK following COVID-19, involving detailed assessment at 5 and 12 months after discharge. The association between diabetes status and outcomes were explored using multivariable linear and logistic regressions. Findings: People with diabetes who survived hospital admission with COVID-19 display worse physical outcomes compared to those without diabetes at 5- and 12-month follow-up. People with diabetes displayed higher fatigue (only at 5 months), frailty, lower physical performance, and health-related quality of life and poorer cognitive function. Differences in outcomes between diabetes status groups were largely consistent from 5 to 12-months. In regression models, differences at 5 and 12 months were attenuated after adjustment for BMI and presence of other long-term conditions. Interpretation: People with diabetes reported worse physical outcomes up to 12 months after hospital discharge with COVID-19 compared to those without diabetes. These data support the need to reduce inequalities in long-term physical and mental health effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with diabetes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research. The study was approved by the Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (20/YH/0225) and is registered on the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN10980107).

AB - Background: People with diabetes are at increased risk of hospitalisation, morbidity, and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Long-term outcomes for people with diabetes previously hospitalised with COVID-19 are, however, unknown. This study aimed to determine the longer-term physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 in people with and without diabetes. Methods: The PHOSP-COVID study is a multicentre, long-term follow-up study of adults discharged from hospital between 1 February 2020 and 31 March 2021 in the UK following COVID-19, involving detailed assessment at 5 and 12 months after discharge. The association between diabetes status and outcomes were explored using multivariable linear and logistic regressions. Findings: People with diabetes who survived hospital admission with COVID-19 display worse physical outcomes compared to those without diabetes at 5- and 12-month follow-up. People with diabetes displayed higher fatigue (only at 5 months), frailty, lower physical performance, and health-related quality of life and poorer cognitive function. Differences in outcomes between diabetes status groups were largely consistent from 5 to 12-months. In regression models, differences at 5 and 12 months were attenuated after adjustment for BMI and presence of other long-term conditions. Interpretation: People with diabetes reported worse physical outcomes up to 12 months after hospital discharge with COVID-19 compared to those without diabetes. These data support the need to reduce inequalities in long-term physical and mental health effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with diabetes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation and National Institute for Health Research. The study was approved by the Leeds West Research Ethics Committee (20/YH/0225) and is registered on the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN10980107).

KW - Covid-19

KW - Diabetes

KW - Long Covid

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85213238904

U2 - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103005

DO - 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103005

M3 - Article

C2 - 39834716

AN - SCOPUS:85213238904

VL - 79

JO - eClinicalMedicine

JF - eClinicalMedicine

M1 - 103005

ER -