TY - CHAP
T1 - Microbial interactions with metals/radionuclides
T2 - The basis of bioremediation
AU - Gadd, Geoffrey M.
N1 - Funding Information:
The author gratefully acknowledges financial support for his own work from NERC/AFRC (Special Topic Programme: Pollutant Transport in Soils and Rocks), BBSRC (BCE 03292, SPC 2922, SPC 02812, BSW 05375, SPC 05211), the Royal Society (London) (638072:P779 Project grant), BNFL, the Royal Society of Edinburgh (Scottish Office Education Department~SE Support Research Fellowship 1994-1995) and NATO (ENVIR.LG.950387 Linkage grant).
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - This chapter reviews certain microbiological processes that are of significance in determining radionuclide/metal mobility and that have actual or potential applications in bioremediation of metal/radionuclide and metalloid pollution. These include autotrophic and heterotrophic leaching, biosorption, reduction, precipitation, and transformation. Radionuclides/metals can be leached from solid matrices and thus solubilized as a result of autotrophic metabolism. Most autotrophic leaching is carried out by chemolithotrophic, acidophilic bacteria that fix carbon dioxide and obtain energy from the oxidation of ferrous iron or reduced sulfur compounds. Heterotrophic leaching is discussed in the chapter. Heterotrophic metabolism can also lead to leaching, and this is most important in the case of fungi. Leaching occurs as a result of several processes, including the efflux of protons from hyphae and the production of siderophores, but in most fungal strains, leaching occurs mainly by the production of organic acids. Biosorption is also discussed in the chapter.
AB - This chapter reviews certain microbiological processes that are of significance in determining radionuclide/metal mobility and that have actual or potential applications in bioremediation of metal/radionuclide and metalloid pollution. These include autotrophic and heterotrophic leaching, biosorption, reduction, precipitation, and transformation. Radionuclides/metals can be leached from solid matrices and thus solubilized as a result of autotrophic metabolism. Most autotrophic leaching is carried out by chemolithotrophic, acidophilic bacteria that fix carbon dioxide and obtain energy from the oxidation of ferrous iron or reduced sulfur compounds. Heterotrophic leaching is discussed in the chapter. Heterotrophic metabolism can also lead to leaching, and this is most important in the case of fungi. Leaching occurs as a result of several processes, including the efflux of protons from hyphae and the production of siderophores, but in most fungal strains, leaching occurs mainly by the production of organic acids. Biosorption is also discussed in the chapter.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77956770646&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S1569-4860(02)80035-3
DO - 10.1016/S1569-4860(02)80035-3
M3 - Chapter (peer-reviewed)
AN - SCOPUS:77956770646
VL - 2
T3 - Radioactivity in the Environment
SP - 179
EP - 203
BT - Interactions of Microorganisms with Radionuclides
A2 - Keith-Roach, M. J.
A2 - Livens, F. R.
PB - Elsevier
ER -