TY - JOUR
T1 - Mouth Width and Cupid’s Bow Estimation in a Southern African Population
AU - Houlton, Tobias M. R.
AU - Jooste, Nicolene
AU - Steyn, Maryna
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the School of Dentistry at the University of Pretoria, for granting access to available patient CBCT data (Ethics Reference No: 212/2016). Sincere thanks are also extended to Andre Uys for facilitating our access to patient data. We are furthermore indebted to the anonymous patients that made this study possible.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Academy of Forensic Sciences
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Standards for estimating mouth width and Cupid’s bow width in craniofacial approximation and superimposition are limited. Currently, the only guideline for mouth width, using direct skeletal references, is a general rule indicating a 75% inter-canine to mouth width ratio. The philtrum, which closely corresponds to the Cupid’s bow, is said to be equal to the inter-superior prominences of the maxillary central incisors. This study tested these guidelines against newly generated regression models and mean values. Cone-beam CT scans of 120 black and 39 white southern African adults were used. Comparative hard and soft tissue measurements were taken using a 3D DICOM viewer. Regression equations accounting population, sex, and approximate age variables (20–39 and 40+ years), utilizing maxillary inter-canine width to estimate mouth width and maxillary central–lateral incisor junction width to estimate Cupid’s bow width, performed statistically best. The regression models were more reliable than existing standards in validation tests.
AB - Standards for estimating mouth width and Cupid’s bow width in craniofacial approximation and superimposition are limited. Currently, the only guideline for mouth width, using direct skeletal references, is a general rule indicating a 75% inter-canine to mouth width ratio. The philtrum, which closely corresponds to the Cupid’s bow, is said to be equal to the inter-superior prominences of the maxillary central incisors. This study tested these guidelines against newly generated regression models and mean values. Cone-beam CT scans of 120 black and 39 white southern African adults were used. Comparative hard and soft tissue measurements were taken using a 3D DICOM viewer. Regression equations accounting population, sex, and approximate age variables (20–39 and 40+ years), utilizing maxillary inter-canine width to estimate mouth width and maxillary central–lateral incisor junction width to estimate Cupid’s bow width, performed statistically best. The regression models were more reliable than existing standards in validation tests.
KW - craniofacial approximation/reconstruction
KW - craniofacial identification
KW - craniofacial superimposition
KW - forensic anthropology
KW - forensic science
KW - mouth width estimation
KW - skeletal identification
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074414187&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/1556-4029.14207
DO - 10.1111/1556-4029.14207
M3 - Article
C2 - 31573085
AN - SCOPUS:85074414187
SN - 0022-1198
VL - 65
SP - 372
EP - 379
JO - Journal of Forensic Sciences
JF - Journal of Forensic Sciences
IS - 2
ER -