Projects per year
Abstract
It remains uncertain whether recurrent non-severe hypoglycemia (Hypo) results in long-term cognitive impairment in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Both T1D and Hypo can compromise host defenses against oxidative stress. This study tested the hypothesis that specifically in the T1D state, Hypo leads to cognitive impairment via a pathological response to oxidative stress. Wild-type (Control) and Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) null mice were studied. Eight groups of mice (Control and Nrf2-/- ±T1D and ±Hypo) were subject to recurrent, twice-weekly, insulin or saline injections over 4 weeks, after which cognitive function was assessed and brain tissue analyzed. Recurrent moderate hypoglycemia in T1D, but not Control mice significantly impaired cognitive performance, and this was associated with hippocampal oxidative damage and inflammation despite an enhanced expression of Nrf2 and its target genes Hmox1 and Nqo1. In Nrf2-/-mice, both T1D and Hypo independently resulted in impaired cognitive performance and this was associated with oxidative cell damage and marked inflammation. Together, these data suggest that Hypo induces an Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response in the hippocampus, which counteracts oxidative damage. However, in T1D this neuroprotective mechanism is insufficient to prevent neuronal oxidative damage, resulting in chronic deficits in working and long-term memory.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 3151-3160 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Diabetes |
Volume | 65 |
Issue number | 10 |
Early online date | 13 Jul 2016 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2016 |
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- 1 Finished
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Contribution by NRF2 Upregulation to Lung Carcinogenesis and the Possible Therapeutic Value of NRF2 Inhibition by GSK-3 (Joint with Universities of St Andrews, Edinburgh and Pennsylvania)
Dinkova-Kostova, A. (Investigator), Hayes, J. (Investigator), Henderson, C. (Investigator), Keyse, S. (Investigator), Lamond, A. (Investigator) & Sutherland, C. (Investigator)
1/05/16 → 31/10/19
Project: Research
Profiles
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Dinkova-Kostova, Albena
- Cancer Research - Professor (Teaching and Research) of Chemical Biology
Person: Academic
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McNeilly, Alison
- Diabetes Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology - Principal Investigator (Tenure Track)
Person: Academic