Secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among the rural population of South India

Natarajan Lakshmi; Rajendra Pradeepa; Ranjit Mohan Anjana; Hari Rakesh; Radhakrishnan Subashini; Ulagamathesan Venkatesan; Mohan Deepa; Nora Vigasini; Moneeza Kalhan Siddiqui; Ewan R. Pearson; Colin N.A. Palmer; Viswanathan Mohan

doi:10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5

Secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among the rural population of South India

Natarajan Lakshmi, Rajendra Pradeepa (Lead / Corresponding author), Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Hari Rakesh, Radhakrishnan Subashini, Ulagamathesan Venkatesan, Mohan Deepa, Nora Vigasini, Moneeza Kalhan Siddiqui, Ewan R. Pearson, Colin N.A. Palmer, Viswanathan Mohan

Population Health and Genomics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes from two cross-sectional studies done 11 years apart, in rural Tamil Nadu.

Methods: The Telemedicine PRoject for screENing Diabetes and its complications in rural Tamil Nadu(TREND) study is a cross-sectional survey that screened 14,117 individuals aged ≥ 18 years between 2018–2021. TREND was conducted in 30 villages of Chengalpattu/Kancheepuram districts of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was compared with an earlier study the Chunampet Rural Diabetes Prevention Project(CRDPP) which screened 23,380 individuals aged ≥ 20 years between 2006–2010 using similar methodology, in 42 villages in the same area. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed using the WHO criteria.

Results: Individuals screened in TREND were significantly older (43.7 ± 14.5 vs.40.5 ± 15.2 years) and had higher BMI (23 ± 5 vs.21.4 ± 4.1) compared to CRDPP participants. The age and gender adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 5.3% to 13.7% (158.5% increase) during this 11-year period. There was a significant increase in prevalence of both self-reported diabetes (3.8% to 9.7%) and newly diagnosed diabetes (1.5% to 4.0%), but a decrease in prevalence of prediabetes from 16.7% to 8.4% (49.7% decrease) during the 11-year period. Age, male sex, BMI, formal education, occupations other than agriculture, family history of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of diabetes.

Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes among adults in rural south India has dramatically increased while that of prediabetes, has decreased, over a 11-year period. The decrease in prevalence of prediabetes might suggest a future slowing down of the epidemic.

Original language	English
Number of pages	9
Journal	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
Early online date	2 May 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 2 May 2023

Keywords

Diabetes
Prediabetes
Prevalence
Rural
South India
Trends

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5

Scotland India Diabetes Health Informatics Unit (joint with Madras Diabetes Research Foundation)
Doney, A., McCrimmon, R., Palmer, C., Pearson, E. & Trucco, M.
1/06/17 → 30/09/21
Project: Research

Cite this

Lakshmi, N., Pradeepa, R., Anjana, R. M., Rakesh, H., Subashini, R., Venkatesan, U., Deepa, M., Vigasini, N., Siddiqui, M. K., Pearson, E. R., Palmer, C. N. A., & Mohan, V. (2023). Secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among the rural population of South India. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5

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abstract = "Objective: This study aimed to assess the secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes from two cross-sectional studies done 11 years apart, in rural Tamil Nadu. Methods: The Telemedicine PRoject for screENing Diabetes and its complications in rural Tamil Nadu(TREND) study is a cross-sectional survey that screened 14,117 individuals aged ≥ 18 years between 2018–2021. TREND was conducted in 30 villages of Chengalpattu/Kancheepuram districts of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was compared with an earlier study the Chunampet Rural Diabetes Prevention Project(CRDPP) which screened 23,380 individuals aged ≥ 20 years between 2006–2010 using similar methodology, in 42 villages in the same area. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed using the WHO criteria. Results: Individuals screened in TREND were significantly older (43.7 ± 14.5 vs.40.5 ± 15.2 years) and had higher BMI (23 ± 5 vs.21.4 ± 4.1) compared to CRDPP participants. The age and gender adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 5.3% to 13.7% (158.5% increase) during this 11-year period. There was a significant increase in prevalence of both self-reported diabetes (3.8% to 9.7%) and newly diagnosed diabetes (1.5% to 4.0%), but a decrease in prevalence of prediabetes from 16.7% to 8.4% (49.7% decrease) during the 11-year period. Age, male sex, BMI, formal education, occupations other than agriculture, family history of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of diabetes. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes among adults in rural south India has dramatically increased while that of prediabetes, has decreased, over a 11-year period. The decrease in prevalence of prediabetes might suggest a future slowing down of the epidemic.",

keywords = "Diabetes, Prediabetes, Prevalence, Rural, South India, Trends",

author = "Natarajan Lakshmi and Rajendra Pradeepa and Anjana, {Ranjit Mohan} and Hari Rakesh and Radhakrishnan Subashini and Ulagamathesan Venkatesan and Mohan Deepa and Nora Vigasini and Siddiqui, {Moneeza Kalhan} and Pearson, {Ewan R.} and Palmer, {Colin N.A.} and Viswanathan Mohan",

note = "Funding Information: The CRDPP was supported by a grant from the World Diabetes Foundation, Denmark, and the satellite link for telemedicine services was donated by the Indian Space Research Organization, Bangalore, India. The TREND study was funded by National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (INSPIRED 16/136/102) using UK aid from the UK Government to support global health research. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.",

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doi = "10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5",

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T1 - Secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among the rural population of South India

AU - Lakshmi, Natarajan

AU - Pradeepa, Rajendra

AU - Anjana, Ranjit Mohan

AU - Rakesh, Hari

AU - Subashini, Radhakrishnan

AU - Venkatesan, Ulagamathesan

AU - Deepa, Mohan

AU - Vigasini, Nora

AU - Siddiqui, Moneeza Kalhan

AU - Pearson, Ewan R.

AU - Palmer, Colin N.A.

AU - Mohan, Viswanathan

N1 - Funding Information: The CRDPP was supported by a grant from the World Diabetes Foundation, Denmark, and the satellite link for telemedicine services was donated by the Indian Space Research Organization, Bangalore, India. The TREND study was funded by National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (INSPIRED 16/136/102) using UK aid from the UK Government to support global health research. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.

PY - 2023/5/2

Y1 - 2023/5/2

N2 - Objective: This study aimed to assess the secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes from two cross-sectional studies done 11 years apart, in rural Tamil Nadu. Methods: The Telemedicine PRoject for screENing Diabetes and its complications in rural Tamil Nadu(TREND) study is a cross-sectional survey that screened 14,117 individuals aged ≥ 18 years between 2018–2021. TREND was conducted in 30 villages of Chengalpattu/Kancheepuram districts of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was compared with an earlier study the Chunampet Rural Diabetes Prevention Project(CRDPP) which screened 23,380 individuals aged ≥ 20 years between 2006–2010 using similar methodology, in 42 villages in the same area. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed using the WHO criteria. Results: Individuals screened in TREND were significantly older (43.7 ± 14.5 vs.40.5 ± 15.2 years) and had higher BMI (23 ± 5 vs.21.4 ± 4.1) compared to CRDPP participants. The age and gender adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 5.3% to 13.7% (158.5% increase) during this 11-year period. There was a significant increase in prevalence of both self-reported diabetes (3.8% to 9.7%) and newly diagnosed diabetes (1.5% to 4.0%), but a decrease in prevalence of prediabetes from 16.7% to 8.4% (49.7% decrease) during the 11-year period. Age, male sex, BMI, formal education, occupations other than agriculture, family history of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of diabetes. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes among adults in rural south India has dramatically increased while that of prediabetes, has decreased, over a 11-year period. The decrease in prevalence of prediabetes might suggest a future slowing down of the epidemic.

AB - Objective: This study aimed to assess the secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes from two cross-sectional studies done 11 years apart, in rural Tamil Nadu. Methods: The Telemedicine PRoject for screENing Diabetes and its complications in rural Tamil Nadu(TREND) study is a cross-sectional survey that screened 14,117 individuals aged ≥ 18 years between 2018–2021. TREND was conducted in 30 villages of Chengalpattu/Kancheepuram districts of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. The prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was compared with an earlier study the Chunampet Rural Diabetes Prevention Project(CRDPP) which screened 23,380 individuals aged ≥ 20 years between 2006–2010 using similar methodology, in 42 villages in the same area. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed using the WHO criteria. Results: Individuals screened in TREND were significantly older (43.7 ± 14.5 vs.40.5 ± 15.2 years) and had higher BMI (23 ± 5 vs.21.4 ± 4.1) compared to CRDPP participants. The age and gender adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 5.3% to 13.7% (158.5% increase) during this 11-year period. There was a significant increase in prevalence of both self-reported diabetes (3.8% to 9.7%) and newly diagnosed diabetes (1.5% to 4.0%), but a decrease in prevalence of prediabetes from 16.7% to 8.4% (49.7% decrease) during the 11-year period. Age, male sex, BMI, formal education, occupations other than agriculture, family history of diabetes, and systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of diabetes. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes among adults in rural south India has dramatically increased while that of prediabetes, has decreased, over a 11-year period. The decrease in prevalence of prediabetes might suggest a future slowing down of the epidemic.

KW - Diabetes

KW - Prediabetes

KW - Prevalence

KW - Rural

KW - South India

KW - Trends

U2 - 10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5

DO - 10.1007/s13410-023-01204-5

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85156164595

ER -

Secular trends in the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes among the rural population of South India

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Projects

Scotland India Diabetes Health Informatics Unit (joint with Madras Diabetes Research Foundation)

Cite this