TY - JOUR
T1 - Sensors in the Stream
T2 - The High-Frequency Wave of the Present
AU - Rode, Michael
AU - Wade, Andrew J.
AU - Cohen, Matthew J.
AU - Hensley, Robert T.
AU - Bowes, Michael J.
AU - Kirchner, James W.
AU - Arhonditsis, George B.
AU - Jordan, Phil
AU - Kronvang, Brian
AU - Halliday, Sarah J.
AU - Skeffington, Richard A.
AU - Rozemeijer, Joachim C.
AU - Aubert, Alice H.
AU - Rinke, Karsten
AU - Jomaa, Seifeddine
N1 - Funding: German Science Foundation (DFG, RO 2214/2-1).
PY - 2016/10/4
Y1 - 2016/10/4
N2 - New scientific understanding is catalyzed by novel technologies that enhance measurement precision, resolution or type, and that provide new tools to test and develop theory. Over the last 50 years, technology has transformed the hydrologic sciences by enabling direct measurements of watershed fluxes (evapotranspiration, streamflow) at time scales and spatial extents aligned with variation in physical drivers. High frequency water quality measurements, increasingly obtained by in situ water quality sensors, are extending that transformation. Widely available sensors for some physical (temperature) and chemical (conductivity, dissolved oxygen) attributes have become integral to aquatic science, and emerging sensors for nutrients, dissolved CO2, turbidity, algal pigments, and dissolved organic matter are now enabling observations of watersheds and streams at time scales commensurate with their fundamental hydrological, energetic, elemental, and biological drivers. Here we synthesize insights from emerging technologies across a suite of applications, and envision future advances, enabled by sensors, in our ability to understand, predict, and restore watershed and stream systems.
AB - New scientific understanding is catalyzed by novel technologies that enhance measurement precision, resolution or type, and that provide new tools to test and develop theory. Over the last 50 years, technology has transformed the hydrologic sciences by enabling direct measurements of watershed fluxes (evapotranspiration, streamflow) at time scales and spatial extents aligned with variation in physical drivers. High frequency water quality measurements, increasingly obtained by in situ water quality sensors, are extending that transformation. Widely available sensors for some physical (temperature) and chemical (conductivity, dissolved oxygen) attributes have become integral to aquatic science, and emerging sensors for nutrients, dissolved CO2, turbidity, algal pigments, and dissolved organic matter are now enabling observations of watersheds and streams at time scales commensurate with their fundamental hydrological, energetic, elemental, and biological drivers. Here we synthesize insights from emerging technologies across a suite of applications, and envision future advances, enabled by sensors, in our ability to understand, predict, and restore watershed and stream systems.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84989838221&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.6b02155
DO - 10.1021/acs.est.6b02155
M3 - Article
C2 - 27570873
AN - SCOPUS:84989838221
SN - 0013-936X
VL - 50
SP - 10297
EP - 10307
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
IS - 19
ER -
