Abstract
Ligation of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) stimulates protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), which regulate intracellular calcium and control the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes. PTKs activated by antigen receptors and costimulatory molecules also couple to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and control the activity of Ras- and Rho-family GTPases. T cell signal transduction is triggered physiologically by antigen in the context of antigen presenting cells (APC). The formation of stable and prolonged contacts between T cells and APCs is not neccessary to initiate T cell signaling but is required for effective T cell proliferation and differentiation. The stabilization of the T cell/APC conjugate is regulated by intracellular signals induced by antigen receptors and costimulators. These coordinate the regulation of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton and organize a specialized signaling zone that allows sustained TCR signaling.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 165-184 |
| Number of pages | 20 |
| Journal | Annual Review of Immunology |
| Volume | 18 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2000 |
Keywords
- CD28
- Protein kinase C
- Protein tyrosine kinases
- Rho GTPases
- T cell antigen receptor
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology
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