The impact of environmental factors in influencing epigenetics related to oxidative states in the cardiovascular system

TY - JOUR

T1 - The impact of environmental factors in influencing epigenetics related to oxidative states in the cardiovascular system

AU - Angelini, Francesco

AU - Pagano, Francesca

AU - Bordin, Antonella

AU - Milan, Marika

AU - Chimenti, Isotta

AU - Peruzzi, Mariangela

AU - Valenti, Valentina

AU - Marullo, Antonino

AU - Schirone, Leonardo

AU - Palmerio, Silvia

AU - Sciarretta, Sebastiano

AU - Murdoch, Colin E.

AU - Frati, Giacomo

AU - de Falco, Elena

N1 - This study was supported by a grant from the “La Sapienza” University of Rome to Giacomo Frati and Elena De Falco (prot. C26A1578EJ). Colin E. Murdoch has been awarded a UK Early-Career Small Grants for Basic Scientists from Diabetes UK (16/0005453).

PY - 2017/5/21

Y1 - 2017/5/21

N2 - Oxidative states exert a significant influence on a wide range of biological and molecular processes and functions. When their balance is shifted towards enhanced amounts of free radicals, pathological phenomena can occur, as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissue microenvironment or in the systemic circulation can be detrimental. Epidemic chronic diseases of western societies, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes correlate with the imbalance of redox homeostasis. Current advances in our understanding of epigenetics have revealed a parallel scenario showing the influence of oxidative stress as a major regulator of epigenetic gene regulation via modification of DNA methylation, histones, and microRNAs. This has provided both the biological link and a potential molecular explanation between oxidative stress and cardiovascular/metabolic phenomena. Accordingly, in this review, we will provide current insights on the physiological and pathological impact of changes in oxidative states on cardiovascular disorders, by specifically focusing on the influence of epigenetic regulation. A special emphasis will highlight the effect on epigenetic regulation of human's current life habits, external and environmental factors, including food intake, tobacco, air pollution, and antioxidant-based approaches. Additionally, the strategy to quantify oxidative states in humans in order to determine which biological marker could best match a subject's profile will be discussed.

AB - Oxidative states exert a significant influence on a wide range of biological and molecular processes and functions. When their balance is shifted towards enhanced amounts of free radicals, pathological phenomena can occur, as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissue microenvironment or in the systemic circulation can be detrimental. Epidemic chronic diseases of western societies, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes correlate with the imbalance of redox homeostasis. Current advances in our understanding of epigenetics have revealed a parallel scenario showing the influence of oxidative stress as a major regulator of epigenetic gene regulation via modification of DNA methylation, histones, and microRNAs. This has provided both the biological link and a potential molecular explanation between oxidative stress and cardiovascular/metabolic phenomena. Accordingly, in this review, we will provide current insights on the physiological and pathological impact of changes in oxidative states on cardiovascular disorders, by specifically focusing on the influence of epigenetic regulation. A special emphasis will highlight the effect on epigenetic regulation of human's current life habits, external and environmental factors, including food intake, tobacco, air pollution, and antioxidant-based approaches. Additionally, the strategy to quantify oxidative states in humans in order to determine which biological marker could best match a subject's profile will be discussed.

U2 - 10.1155/2017/2712751

DO - 10.1155/2017/2712751

M3 - Review article

C2 - 28607629

SN - 1942-0900

VL - 2017

SP - 1

EP - 18

JO - Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

JF - Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

M1 - 2712751

ER -