TY - JOUR
T1 - The origin, deployment, and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome
AU - Molloy, Beth
AU - Shin, Dio S.
AU - Long, Jonathan
AU - Pellegrin, Clement
AU - Senatori, Beatrice
AU - Vieira, Paulo
AU - Thorpe, Peter J.
AU - Damm, Anika
AU - Ahmad, Mariam
AU - Vermeulen, Kerry
AU - Derevnina, Lida
AU - Wei, Siyuan
AU - Sperling, Alexis
AU - Estévez, Estefany Reyes
AU - Bruty, Samuel
AU - de Souza, Victor Hugo Moura
AU - Kranse, Olaf Prosper
AU - Maier, Tom
AU - Baum, Thomas
AU - den Akker, Sebastian Eves Van
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Molloy et al.
PY - 2024/7/29
Y1 - 2024/7/29
N2 - Plant-parasitic nematodes constrain global food security. During parasitism, they secrete effectors into the host plant from two types of pharyngeal gland cells. These effectors elicit profound changes in host biology to suppress immunity and establish a unique feeding organ from which the nematode draws nutrition. Despite the importance of effectors in nematode parasitism, there has been no comprehensive identification and characterisation of the effector repertoire of any plant-parasitic nematode. To address this, we advance techniques for gland cell isolation and transcriptional analysis to define a stringent annotation of putative effectors for the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii at three key life-stages. We define 717 effector gene loci: 269 “known” high-confidence homologs of plant-parasitic nematode effectors, and 448 “novel” effectors with high gland cell expression. In doing so we define the most comprehensive “effectorome” of a plant-parasitic nematode to date. Using this effector definition, we provide the first systems-level understanding of the origin, deployment and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome. The robust identification of the effector repertoire of a plant-parasitic nematode will underpin our understanding of nematode pathology, and hence, inform strategies for crop protection.
AB - Plant-parasitic nematodes constrain global food security. During parasitism, they secrete effectors into the host plant from two types of pharyngeal gland cells. These effectors elicit profound changes in host biology to suppress immunity and establish a unique feeding organ from which the nematode draws nutrition. Despite the importance of effectors in nematode parasitism, there has been no comprehensive identification and characterisation of the effector repertoire of any plant-parasitic nematode. To address this, we advance techniques for gland cell isolation and transcriptional analysis to define a stringent annotation of putative effectors for the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii at three key life-stages. We define 717 effector gene loci: 269 “known” high-confidence homologs of plant-parasitic nematode effectors, and 448 “novel” effectors with high gland cell expression. In doing so we define the most comprehensive “effectorome” of a plant-parasitic nematode to date. Using this effector definition, we provide the first systems-level understanding of the origin, deployment and evolution of a plant-parasitic nematode effectorome. The robust identification of the effector repertoire of a plant-parasitic nematode will underpin our understanding of nematode pathology, and hence, inform strategies for crop protection.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85199877262&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012395
DO - 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012395
M3 - Article
C2 - 39074142
AN - SCOPUS:85199877262
SN - 1553-7366
VL - 20
JO - PLoS Pathogens
JF - PLoS Pathogens
IS - 7
M1 - e1012395
ER -