TY - JOUR
T1 - The removal of food fat based soils during the washing of fabrics
AU - Muir, A. C.
AU - McKeown, P.
AU - Li, Y.
AU - Kobine, J. J.
AU - Bird, M. R.
N1 - Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2013/9
Y1 - 2013/9
N2 - The removal of a deposition mass of 8.55 ± 0.43 mg cm of lard from plain-weave cotton fabrics under controlled flow conditions has been investigated using water and a solution containing a non-ionic surfactant. Three distinct flow regimes of cross-flow, through-flow and a 2:1 combination of cross- and through-flow respectively have been studied at three cleaning agent temperatures of 10 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C. The lard removal efficiency has been quantified using weighing and image analysis methods to determine the mass per unit area of lard in the treated region. The hydrodynamic resistance changes of the fouled samples have been monitored during the washing process. A time-dependent colour analysis has been shown to be an effective quantitative method of both showing the kinetics of mass removal and investigating mass re-distribution during cleaning. Computational fluid dynamic simulations have been used to investigate the shear rate distribution on the yarn surface during the flow conditions selected. Results demonstrate that effective removal of lard from fabrics at low temperatures requires a combination of chemical, physical and hydraulic factors as hydrodynamic flow alone is insufficient to ensure complete removal. Trends in hydraulic resistance changes due to fabric swelling during cleaning are also reported.
AB - The removal of a deposition mass of 8.55 ± 0.43 mg cm of lard from plain-weave cotton fabrics under controlled flow conditions has been investigated using water and a solution containing a non-ionic surfactant. Three distinct flow regimes of cross-flow, through-flow and a 2:1 combination of cross- and through-flow respectively have been studied at three cleaning agent temperatures of 10 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C. The lard removal efficiency has been quantified using weighing and image analysis methods to determine the mass per unit area of lard in the treated region. The hydrodynamic resistance changes of the fouled samples have been monitored during the washing process. A time-dependent colour analysis has been shown to be an effective quantitative method of both showing the kinetics of mass removal and investigating mass re-distribution during cleaning. Computational fluid dynamic simulations have been used to investigate the shear rate distribution on the yarn surface during the flow conditions selected. Results demonstrate that effective removal of lard from fabrics at low temperatures requires a combination of chemical, physical and hydraulic factors as hydrodynamic flow alone is insufficient to ensure complete removal. Trends in hydraulic resistance changes due to fabric swelling during cleaning are also reported.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84876093750&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.03.004
DO - 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.03.004
M3 - Article
SN - 0263-8762
VL - 91
SP - 1602
EP - 1613
JO - Chemical Engineering Research and Design
JF - Chemical Engineering Research and Design
IS - 9
ER -