TY - JOUR
T1 - The Ty1-copia group of retrotransposons in plants
T2 - genomic organisation, evolution, and use as molecular markers
AU - Kumar, Amar
AU - Pearce, Stephen R.
AU - McLean, Karen
AU - Harrison, Gill
AU - Heslop-Harrison, J. S.
AU - Waugh, Robbie
AU - Flavell, Andrew J.
PY - 1997/3
Y1 - 1997/3
N2 - The genomic organisation and diversity of the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons has been investigated in several crop plants and their relatives from both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous families, including potato (Solanum tuberosum), faba beans (Vicia faba), Vicia melanops, Vicia sativa, barley (Hordeum vulgare), rye (Secale cereale), and onion (Allium cepa). Extreme heterogeneity in the sequence of the Ty1-copia retrotransposons from all these plant was revealed following sequence analysis of reverse transcriptase fragments. The estimated copy numbers of the Ty1-copia group retrotansposons for the genomes of S. tuberosum, L. esculentum, A. cepa, S. cereale, and V. faba is highly variable, ranging from a few hundred to approximately a million copies per genome. In situ hybridisation data from metaphase and prophase chromosomes of V. faba, S. cereale, and H. vulgare suggest that retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome but are almost undetectable in most heterochromatic regions. In contrast, similar data from metaphase chromosomes of A. cepa suggests that although retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome, they are predominantly concentrated in the terminal heterochromatin. These results are discussed in the context of the role played by the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons in the evolution of the plant genome. Lastly, the application of retrotransposon sequences as genetic markers for mapping genomes and for studying genetic biodiversity in plants is presented.
AB - The genomic organisation and diversity of the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons has been investigated in several crop plants and their relatives from both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous families, including potato (Solanum tuberosum), faba beans (Vicia faba), Vicia melanops, Vicia sativa, barley (Hordeum vulgare), rye (Secale cereale), and onion (Allium cepa). Extreme heterogeneity in the sequence of the Ty1-copia retrotransposons from all these plant was revealed following sequence analysis of reverse transcriptase fragments. The estimated copy numbers of the Ty1-copia group retrotansposons for the genomes of S. tuberosum, L. esculentum, A. cepa, S. cereale, and V. faba is highly variable, ranging from a few hundred to approximately a million copies per genome. In situ hybridisation data from metaphase and prophase chromosomes of V. faba, S. cereale, and H. vulgare suggest that retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome but are almost undetectable in most heterochromatic regions. In contrast, similar data from metaphase chromosomes of A. cepa suggests that although retrotransposon sequences are dispersed throughout the euchromatic regions of the genome, they are predominantly concentrated in the terminal heterochromatin. These results are discussed in the context of the role played by the Ty1-copia group retrotransposons in the evolution of the plant genome. Lastly, the application of retrotransposon sequences as genetic markers for mapping genomes and for studying genetic biodiversity in plants is presented.
KW - Evolution
KW - Genomic organisation
KW - Molecular marker
KW - Plants
KW - Retroelements
KW - Ty1-copia retrotansposons
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031453312&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
C2 - 9440274
AN - SCOPUS:0031453312
VL - 100
SP - 205
EP - 217
JO - Genetica
JF - Genetica
SN - 0016-6707
IS - 1-3
ER -