Tissue uptake of thyroid hormone by amino acid transporters

Peter M. Taylor, James W. A. Ritchie

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    43 Citations (Scopus)

    Abstract

    Thyroid hormones (THs) - thyroxine (T-4) and tri-iodothyronine (T-3) - are iodinated derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, which regulates growth, development and critical metabolic functions. THs are taken up by target cells and act at the genomic level via nuclear thyroid receptors. Saturable transport mechanisms mediate the greater part of TH movement across the plasma membrane. System L1 permease is a transporter of THs and amino acids in mammalian adipose tissue, placenta and brain. T-3 is also a substrate of a putative System T transporter, which is selective for aromatic amino acids. The activity and functional mechanisms of these transporters can be crucial to cells in determining both their hormone sensitivity and their responses to change in circulating hormone concentrations or availability of competing substrates (e.g. amino acids). TH transporters are potentially important pharmacological targets in the design of novel or improved therapies for thyroid-related disorders.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)237-251
    Number of pages15
    JournalBest Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
    Volume21
    Issue number2
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - Jun 2007

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