Tutorial on phantoms for photoacoustic imaging applications

TY - JOUR

T1 - Tutorial on phantoms for photoacoustic imaging applications

AU - Hacker, Lina

AU - Joseph, James

AU - Lilaj, Ledia

AU - Manohar, Srirang

AU - Ivory, Aoife M.

AU - Tao, Ran

AU - Bohndiek, Sarah E.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Authors.

PY - 2024/8/14

Y1 - 2024/8/14

N2 - Significance Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging technology that holds high promise in a wide range of clinical applications, but standardized methods for system testing are lacking, impeding objective device performance evaluation, calibration, and inter-device comparisons. To address this shortfall, this tutorial offers readers structured guidance in developing tissue-mimicking phantoms for photoacoustic applications with potential extensions to certain acoustic and optical imaging applications. Aim The tutorial review aims to summarize recommendations on phantom development for PAI applications to harmonize efforts in standardization and system calibration in the field. Approach The International Photoacoustic Standardization Consortium has conducted a consensus exercise to define recommendations for the development of tissue-mimicking phantoms in PAI. Results Recommendations on phantom development are summarized in seven defined steps, expanding from (1) general understanding of the imaging modality, definition of (2) relevant terminology and parameters and (3) phantom purposes, recommendation of (4) basic material properties, (5) material characterization methods, and (6) phantom design to (7) reproducibility efforts. Conclusions The tutorial offers a comprehensive framework for the development of tissue-mimicking phantoms in PAI to streamline efforts in system testing and push forward the advancement and translation of the technology.

AB - Significance Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging technology that holds high promise in a wide range of clinical applications, but standardized methods for system testing are lacking, impeding objective device performance evaluation, calibration, and inter-device comparisons. To address this shortfall, this tutorial offers readers structured guidance in developing tissue-mimicking phantoms for photoacoustic applications with potential extensions to certain acoustic and optical imaging applications. Aim The tutorial review aims to summarize recommendations on phantom development for PAI applications to harmonize efforts in standardization and system calibration in the field. Approach The International Photoacoustic Standardization Consortium has conducted a consensus exercise to define recommendations for the development of tissue-mimicking phantoms in PAI. Results Recommendations on phantom development are summarized in seven defined steps, expanding from (1) general understanding of the imaging modality, definition of (2) relevant terminology and parameters and (3) phantom purposes, recommendation of (4) basic material properties, (5) material characterization methods, and (6) phantom design to (7) reproducibility efforts. Conclusions The tutorial offers a comprehensive framework for the development of tissue-mimicking phantoms in PAI to streamline efforts in system testing and push forward the advancement and translation of the technology.

KW - calibration

KW - phantom

KW - photoacoustic imaging

KW - standardization

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85201331456

U2 - 10.1117/1.JBO.29.8.080801

DO - 10.1117/1.JBO.29.8.080801

M3 - Article

C2 - 39143981

AN - SCOPUS:85201331456

SN - 1083-3668

VL - 29

JO - Journal of Biomedical Optics

JF - Journal of Biomedical Optics

IS - 8

M1 - 080801

ER -