TY - JOUR
T1 - Using Cluster Analysis of Cytokines to Identify Patterns of Inflammation in Hospitalized Patients with Community-acquired Pneumonia
T2 - A Pilot Study
AU - Wiemken, Timothy L.
AU - Kelley, Robert
AU - Fernandez-Botran, Rafael
AU - Mattingly, William A.
AU - Arnold, Forest W.
AU - Furmanek, Stephen P.
AU - Restrepo, Marcos I.
AU - Chalmers, James D.
AU - Peyrani, Paula
AU - Cavallazzi, Rodrigo
AU - Bordon, Jose
AU - Aliberti, Stefano
AU - Ramirez, Julio A.
N1 - This study was partially funded by the Division of Infectious Diseases. Dr. Restrepo’s time is partially protected by Award Number K23HL096054 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
PY - 2017/1/30
Y1 - 2017/1/30
N2 - INTRODUCTION: Patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are believed to have an exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Therapies aiming to modulate the inflammatory response have been largely unsuccessful, perhaps reflecting that CAP is a heterogeneous disorder that cannot be modulated by a single anti-inflammatory approach. We hypothesize that the host inflammatory response to pneumonia may be characterized by distinct cytokine patterns, which can be harnessed for personalized therapies.METHODS: Here, we use hierarchical cluster analysis of cytokines to examine if patterns of inflammatory response in 13 hospitalized patients with CAP can be defined. This was a secondary data analysis of the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Inflammatory Study Group (CAPISG) database. The following cytokines were measured in plasma and sputum on the day of admission: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, interferon (IFN)γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and CXCL10 (IP-10). Hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithms were used to evaluate clusters of patients within plasma and sputum cytokine determinations.RESULTS: A total of thirteen patients were included in this pilot study. Cluster analysis identified distinct inflammatory response patterns of cytokines in the plasma, sputum, and the ratio of plasma to sputum.CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory response patterns in plasma and sputum can be identified in hospitalized patients with CAP. Characterization of the local and systemic inflammatory response may help to better discriminate patients for enrollment into clinical trials of immunomodulatory therapies.
AB - INTRODUCTION: Patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are believed to have an exaggerated inflammatory response to bacterial infection. Therapies aiming to modulate the inflammatory response have been largely unsuccessful, perhaps reflecting that CAP is a heterogeneous disorder that cannot be modulated by a single anti-inflammatory approach. We hypothesize that the host inflammatory response to pneumonia may be characterized by distinct cytokine patterns, which can be harnessed for personalized therapies.METHODS: Here, we use hierarchical cluster analysis of cytokines to examine if patterns of inflammatory response in 13 hospitalized patients with CAP can be defined. This was a secondary data analysis of the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Inflammatory Study Group (CAPISG) database. The following cytokines were measured in plasma and sputum on the day of admission: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-17, interferon (IFN)γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and CXCL10 (IP-10). Hierarchical agglomerative clustering algorithms were used to evaluate clusters of patients within plasma and sputum cytokine determinations.RESULTS: A total of thirteen patients were included in this pilot study. Cluster analysis identified distinct inflammatory response patterns of cytokines in the plasma, sputum, and the ratio of plasma to sputum.CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory response patterns in plasma and sputum can be identified in hospitalized patients with CAP. Characterization of the local and systemic inflammatory response may help to better discriminate patients for enrollment into clinical trials of immunomodulatory therapies.
U2 - 10.18297/jri/vol1/iss1/1/
DO - 10.18297/jri/vol1/iss1/1/
M3 - Article
C2 - 28393141
VL - 1
SP - 3
EP - 11
JO - University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
JF - University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections
IS - 1
M1 - 1
ER -