VCP/p97-associated proteins are binders and debranching enzymes of K48–K63-branched ubiquitin chains

Sven M. Lange (Lead / Corresponding author), Matthew R. McFarland, Frederic Lamoliatte, Thomas Carroll, Logesvaran Krshnan, Anna Pérez-Ràfols, Dominika Kwaśna, Linnan Shen, Iona Wallace, Isobel Cole, Lee A. Armstrong, Axel Knebel, Clare Johnson, Virginia De Cesare, Yogesh Kulathu (Lead / Corresponding author)

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

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Abstract

Branched ubiquitin (Ub) chains constitute a sizable fraction of Ub polymers in human cells. Despite their abundance, our understanding of branched Ub function in cell signaling has been stunted by the absence of accessible methods and tools. Here we identify cellular branched-chain-specific binding proteins and devise approaches to probe K48–K63-branched Ub function. We establish a method to monitor cleavage of linkages within complex Ub chains and unveil ATXN3 and MINDY as debranching enzymes. We engineer a K48–K63 branch-specific nanobody and reveal the molecular basis of its specificity in crystal structures of nanobody-branched Ub chain complexes. Using this nanobody, we detect increased K48–K63-Ub branching following valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 inhibition and after DNA damage. Together with our discovery that multiple VCP/p97-associated proteins bind to or debranch K48–K63-linked Ub, these results suggest a function for K48–K63-branched chains in VCP/p97-related processes.
Original languageEnglish
Number of pages35
JournalNature Structural & Molecular Biology
Early online date8 Jul 2024
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 8 Jul 2024

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